Pediatric Nursing Review

Flashcards from pediatric lecture notes

A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant who has respiratory syncytial virus. Which of the following findings should the nurse immediately report to the provider?

Tachypnea

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a preschool-age child who has acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. Which of the following should the nurse expect?

Hyperpyrexia

A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Apply bactericidal ointment to lesions.

A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-age child newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder. What action should the parents take during a seizure?

Clear the area of hard objects.

A nurse in an emergency department is assessing an adolescent who reports inhalation of gasoline. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Ataxia

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has meningitis and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider?

Creatinine 1.4 mg/dL

A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take to deliver atraumatic care?

Provide a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution prior to the injections.

A school nurse is assessing a 7-year-old student. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential indicator of physical abuse?

Bruising around the wrists.

A nurse is caring for a group of toddlers receiving digoxin therapy. For which of the following toddlers should the nurse revise the plan of care?

A toddler who has vomited 2 times in the last hour.

A nurse is planning to teach an adolescent who is lactose intolerant about dietary guidelines. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

You can replace milk with nondairy sources of calcium.

A nurse is prioritizing care for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?

An adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and slurred speech.

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child. Which of the following findings are consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis?

Temperature, Stridor, Irritability, and Cough

A nurse is caring for a 1-year-old child who has been hospitalized. Which of the following items in the child’s room is a common source of health care-associated infection?

Bedside computer keyboard

A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?

A toddler who has seasonal influenza.

A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child about bicycle safety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Your child should walk the bicycle through intersections.

A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Rounded abdomen.

A nurse is caring for a child who has sickle cell anemia. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?

Facial twitching

A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving prednisolone. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Prolonged wound healing

A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?

The child swallows frequently.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Monitor your child for indications of infection.

A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a 3-year-old child. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

You can choose which leg you get your medicine in.

A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Establish a reward system

A nurse is assessing a child who has measles. Which of the following areas should the nurse inspect for Koplik spots?

Inside the mouth on the buccal mucosa

A nurse is caring for a child who has impetigo contagiosa that developed in the hospital. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Initiate contact isolation precautions.

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is admitted with a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which interventions should be included in the plan?

Ensure pneumococcal vaccine is current, monitor oxygen saturation, place client on strict bed rest, administer folic acid, and apply warm compresses to affected joints.

A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a 2-year-old child about typical toddler behavior. Which of the following behavior should the nurse include?

Frequent negative responses.

A nurse is teaching a group of parents about childhood immunizations. At what age should infants receive the first dose of the varicella immunization?

12 months of age

A nurse is teaching the guardian of a newborn, about how to prepare their 3-year-old child to meet their new sibling. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Provide a doll for your 3-year-old to imitate parental behaviors.

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. Which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis?

C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer

A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which interventions are anticipated or contraindicated?

Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever: contraindicated; Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid: contraindicated; Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene: anticipated; Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim: anticipated; Advise child’s guardian about the use of sunscreen: anticipate

A nurse is providing instructions about a 24-hr urine collection to an adolescent client. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Discard the first voided specimen.

A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?

Clear urine

A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider about?

No head lag when pulled to a sitting position.

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has cystic fibrosis. Which medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?

Dornase Alfa, Pancreatic lipase, and Fat-soluble vitamins

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school-age child following surgery and cast application to the right forearm. Which of the following information is the priority for the nurse to include?

Monitor for pallor or swelling in the child’s affected hand.

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will ensure that my child is tested for tuberculosis every year.

A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has neutropenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Avoid raw fruits and vegetables in child’s diet.

A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

Shakiness

A nurse is applying soft limb restraints to a child who is acting aggressively toward staff. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Secure the restraints with a quick-release knot.

A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a 10-month-old infant who is having difficulty eating. The parent is feeding their infant goat milk. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Offer commercially prepared formula.

A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving morphine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Bradypnea

A nurse is caring for a 1-week-old newborn who has hyperbilirubinemia and is being treated with phototherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Monitor the newborn’s temperature every 2 hr.

A nurse is preparing to administer ibuprofen 10 mg/kg PO to a child. The child weighs 55 lb, available: 100 mg/5 ML solution, how many mL should the nurse administer?

12.5 mL

A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving conditioning therapy for enuresis. Which of the following statements by the child’s parent indicates the treatment is effective?

My child went to the bathroom two times when the alarm went off last night.

A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Implement a 3-hr feeding schedule.

A nurse is caring for an infant who has heart failure and vomited following administration of digoxin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Do not administer another dose. Notify the provider.

A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of hemorrhage?

Continuous swallowing

A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenza type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Begin droplet precautions, monitor Oxygen saturation, and initiate IV access

A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 5-year-old child who is up-to-date with the current immunizations schedule. Which of the following immunization should the nurse plan to administer?

Varicella

A nurse is evaluating the pain level of a toddler who is cognitively impaired to a non-pharmacological intervention. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to evaluate the toddler’s pain level?

FLACC

A nurse is reviewing the CBC results for a 4-year-old child receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Which finding indicates that the treatment is having a therapeutic effect?

RBC count 5/mm

A nurse is preparing a child for a lumbar puncture. Which of he following position should the child be placed in for the procedure?

Lateral

A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Weigh the child once per day.

A nurse is caring for a 1-year-old toddler with fever, irritability, and decreased appetite. A urine sample was collected via straight catheter. The child is at risk of developing and .

Pyelonephritis and renal scarring.

A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old who is 2 hours postoperative from L leg open reduction and fixation and L arm closed reduction and fixation after a motor vehicle crash. Which action should the nurse take first?

Compare the child’s deal pulses.

A nurse is planning postoperative care for an adolescent following scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Ensure two nurses log roll the adolescent every 2 hr.

A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. Which members of the inter professional team should the nurse initiate a referral to?

Dietitian

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Reposition the client using a turning sheet.

A nurse is caring for a group of toddlers receiving digoxin therapy. For which of the following toddlers should the nurse revise the plan of care?

A toddler who has vomited 2 times in the last hour.

Which of the following is a characteristic of Kawasaki disease?

Strawberry tongue

A nurse is caring for a child with bronchiolitis. What intervention is appropriate for this condition?

Providing humidified oxygen

A child with cystic fibrosis is prescribed pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. When should the enzymes be administered?

With meals

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a child experiencing a febrile seizure?

Ensuring a patent airway

The parents of a toddler ask the nurse for advice on toilet training. What is an appropriate recommendation by the nurse?

Use positive reinforcement for successful toileting behaviors

Which of the following developmental milestones should a 6-month-old infant typically achieve?

Rolling over

A child is diagnosed with acute otitis media. What is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Administering oral antibiotics as prescribed

Which of the following vaccines is routinely recommended for adolescents?

HPV (Human Papillomavirus)

A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with suspected meningitis. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

Positive Brudzinski's sign

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child with asthma. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Using a peak flow meter daily to monitor respiratory status

A child with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is a priority nursing intervention?

Administering regular insulin via IV infusion

Which of the following is a common symptom of pertussis in infants?

Paroxysmal coughing

The nurse is assessing a newborn for signs of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Which finding is characteristic of NAS?

Hypertonicity

A child with sickle cell anemia is at risk for vaso-occlusive crisis. Which intervention is appropriate for managing vaso-occlusive crisis?

Applying heat packs to the affected area

Which of the following is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy in children?

Hyperglycemia

A child is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which feeding technique is appropriate for managing GERD?

Feeding the child in an upright position

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a child in status asthmaticus?

Providing supplemental oxygen

A child is diagnosed with celiac disease. Which food item should the nurse instruct the parents to avoid in the child's diet?

Wheat

The nurse is assessing a newborn for signs of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Which finding is characteristic of RDS?

Tachypnea

Which of the following is a common symptom of intussusception in infants?

Bloody diarrhoea

The nurse is assessing a child with suspected appendicitis. Which of the following assessment findings is indicative of appendicitis?

Pain localized to the right lower quadrant

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Down syndrome?

Hypotonia

A child with hemophilia A experiences a joint bleed. Which intervention is appropriate for managing the bleed?

Administering factor VIII replacement

The nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which finding should the nurse expect during assessment?

Hypoalbuminemia

A child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin). What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the child's parents?

Reporting any changes in mood or behavior

Which of the following is a common complication of meningitis in children?

Hearing loss

A child with cystic fibrosis is prescribed chest physiotherapy. When should the chest physiotherapy be performed?

At least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a child with epiglottitis?

Ensuring a patent airway

A child is diagnosed with rheumatic fever. Which finding should the nurse expect during assessment?

Erythema marginatum

The nurse is caring for a child with a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. Which finding indicates a complication of the shunt?

Headache

A child is diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Which intervention is appropriate for managing BPD?

Providing mechanical ventilation as needed

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of cystic fibrosis?

Increased sweat chloride concentration

A child is diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

Hypotension

Which of the following is a common complication of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis?

Glomerulonephritis

A child is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which dietary modification is appropriate for managing nephrotic syndrome?

Restricting sodium intake

Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress in infants?

Grunting

A child with cerebral palsy has spasticity in the lower extremities. Which intervention is appropriate for managing spasticity?

Administering muscle relaxants

A child is admitted with a diagnosis of intussusception. Which assessment finding indicates a complication of intussusception?

Passage of stool mixed with blood and mucus

Which of the following is a common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in infants?

Projectile vomiting

A child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. Which intervention is appropriate for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?

Administering antiemetic medications

The nurse is caring for a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Which laboratory finding indicates bone marrow suppression?

Decreased white blood cell count