Child and Adolescent Learners & Learning Principles - Day 1

Practice flashcards covering growth, development principles, and domains of development based on the lecture transcript.

Growth

The quantitative changes in size, weight, number, etc., that involve particular aspects of the body and behavior; can be measured (e.g., BMI) and stops with the attainment of maturity.

Development

The qualitative changes in the organism as a whole (e.g., from non-reader to reader) that cannot be measured; it is a continuous process from womb to tomb and is possible even without growth.

Maturation (Nature)

The natural growth resulting from heredity (genes).

Environmental Influences (Nurture)

The factor in and through which growth and development take place.

Cephalocaudal Pattern

A pattern of physical development where growth occurs at the top first, moving from head to toe (upper body to lower body).

Proximodistal Pattern

A pattern of physical development where muscular control of the trunk and arms comes earlier than control of the hands and fingers; moving from the center outward to the extremities.

Developmental Tasks

Social expectations for every developmental period.

Gross motor development

The development of large muscles in the body, such as the legs, arms, and chest; occurs first.

Fine motor development

The development of small muscles, such as those in the hand, fingers, lips, and tongue; occurs later.

Social/Emotional Development (Affective domain)

Refers to the development of self-concept, self-esteem, the ability to express feelings, form relationships, and the ability to lie.

Receptive language

A component of language development referring to understanding or comprehending language.

Expressive language

A component of language development referring to being able to communicate using language.

Cognitive (Intellectual) Development

Thinking processes such as concentrating, imagining, problem-solving, using logic, and organizing information; closely linked to language development.

Principle of inter-related development

The principle stating that areas of development, such as cognitive and language development, are connected.