BetaOxidation&ketogenesis

FADH2

Reduced product of the first step in beta oxidation

pyruvate carboxylase

balances the concentration of the acetyl-CoA products of beta oxidation with increaded concentrations of OAA

ketogenesis

the alternative pathway for acetyl-CoA utilization to feed the brain when pyruvate levels are low

Acetoacetate

removal of acetylCoA from HMGCoA produces ____.

malonyl-CoA

inhibits transfer of acyl chains into the mitochondria during fatty acid synthesis

glucagon

hormone secreted by Islet alpha cells that activates triglyceride breakdown in adipose cells

carnitine translocase

transfers acyl chains across the inner membrane, maintaining the high energy carbonyl state

beta-hydroxybutyrate

"ketone body" that results from enzymatic reduction of acetoacetate

3-ketoacylCoA

oxidized product of the second redox step in beta oxidation

gluconeogenesis

in the liver, the pathway that competes with the CAC for utilization of OAA

thiolase

catalyzes the formation of an acetylCoA by forming a thioester bond to the beta keto group of its substrate, thus subtracting two carbons from the acyl chain

serum albumin

carries fatty acylates in the blood

acylCoA synthetase

uses an acyl adenylate intermediate to localize acyl electrons in a pi bond molecular orbital as part of a thioester bond

2-trans-enoylCoA

oxidized product of the first step in beta oxidation

NADH

reduced product of the second redox step in beta oxidation

HMG-CoA

reaction of acetoacetyl-CoA with acetyl-CoA produces the six carbon compound ____.

acetone

minor "ketone body" chemical degradation product of acetoacetate