BJU World Studies Chapter 9

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Robert Boyle

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1

Robert Boyle

Christian chemist who Wrote the Sceptical Chymist

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2

Spinoza

doubted anything in Scripture that he thought was contrary to reason. Thought scripture was only good as historical artifact

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3

English Bill of Rights

Document that limited the king's power; signed by William and Mary so they could take the throne.

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4

Glorious Revolution

Change of power with no violence or war

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5

Louis XIV

Monarch who ruled with absolute, unlimited power that became a model for the rest of Europe.

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6

James II

strong supporter of the Roman Church but was dismissed from the throne of his country

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7

Eratosthenes

Early Greek astronomer and geographer who determined the distance around the earth

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8

Hippocrates

Father of Medicine, Greek physician who lived around 400BC

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9

Paracelsus

believed that the body is mostly chemicals and should be treated with chemicals

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10

Edward Jenner

Englishman who discovered the use of a vaccine to eliminate smallpox.

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11

Antoine Lavoisier

father of modern chemistry, law of conservation of matter

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12

Rene Descartes

Rationalist who did not trust any path to truth except human reason

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13

Charles II

the next ruler of England after Oliver Cromwell's death

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14

Empiricism

"experience is the source of knowledge"

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15

Edmond Halley

English astronomer who predicted the orbits of comets

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16

Andreas Vesalious

Studied human anatomy by dissecting human bodies

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17

Sir William Herschel

Discovered Uranus and made a forty-foot-long telescope

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18

Galileo Galilei

Used a telescope to confirm the earth's orbit around the sun

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19

Copernicus

Theorized that the earth revolves around the sun

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20

William Harvey

Studied the body's circulatory system

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21

Sir Isaac Newton

Studied calculus and laws of gravity and motion

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22

Secularism

demands that religion be excluded

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23

Cabinet

Form of English government that gradually increased Parliament's power

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24

Dutch

developed a large economic empire without a centralized monarchy

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25

Spanish

took lead in exploring and expanding their empire

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26

John Locke

believe that observation, not human reason, is the source of truth

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27

Maria Theresa

Absolute ruler of Austria

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28

Catherine the Great

She reigned Russia and increased the power of the Russian Monarchy. She is an absolute monarch

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29

Charles I

He continued policies of his father James I and argued with Parliament over divine right of kings.

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30

Oliver Cromwell

He defeated Charles I's army during the English civil war, put Charles in custody, and ruled as Lord Protector

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31

William and Mary

Accepted England's invitation to take the throne. Signed the English bill of rights into existence

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32

Euclid

Father of Geometry

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33

Albert the Great

Dominican friar who played an important role in introducing Muslim documents to medieval universities

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34

Roger Bacon

made significant contributions in the areas of physics, geography, and optics

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35

English Civil War

War in which the English Parliament (roundheads) and Oliver Cromwell defeated the king's Royalists (cavaliers) and had Charles I executed

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