Ears, Nose, Cleft Procedures & 21-7 & 21-8 & 21-10

Otoplasty & Rhinoplasty & Cheiloplasty or Cleft Lip Repair

21-10. Cheiloplasty or Cleft Lip Repair

What is the primary function of the palate?
a) To support the sinuses
b) To enhance nasal breathing
c) To separate the nose from the mouth during swallowing and speech
d) To protect the nasal septum

c) To separate the nose from the mouth during swallowing and speech

Which portion of the palate is composed of muscle, fat, and mucous membrane and terminates with the uvula at the fauces?
a) Hard palate
b) Nasal septum
c) Uvula
d) Soft palate

d) Soft palate

The central portion of the upper lip formed during fetal development is known as the:
a) Helix
b) Cupid’s bow
c) Philtrum
d) Nasal prominence

c) Philtrum

What is the correct term for a cleft of the palate?
a) Cheiloschisis
b) Palatoschisis
c) Microtia
d) Proptosis

b) Palatoschisis

Which cleft lip repair technique is most commonly used?
a) Z-plasty
b) Y-V advancement
c) Rotation advancement
d) Triangular flap

c) Rotation advancement

What is the name of the less commonly used cleft lip repair technique?
a) Rotation advancement method
b) Z-plasty
c) Triangular flap method
d) V-Y advancement

c) Triangular flap method

When is cleft lip repair typically performed?
a) Immediately after birth
b) Between 3 and 18 months of age
c) After age 3
d) During adolescence

b) Between 3 and 18 months of age

Which of the following describes a complete cleft lip and nasal deformity on one side?
a) Unilateral incomplete cleft
b) Bilateral incomplete cleft
c) Bilateral complete cleft
d) Unilateral complete cleft

d) Unilateral complete cleft

Which structures form the anterior portion of the palate?
a) Mandibular bones and zygomatic arches
b) Frontal bones and nasal septum
c) Palatine processes of each maxilla and the palatine bones
d) Nasal conchae and vomer bones

c) Palatine processes of each maxilla and the palatine bones

What type of tissue covers the hard palate?
a) Cartilage
b) Bone marrow
c) Muscle
d) Mucous membrane

d) Mucous membrane

During which trimester does fetal development of the palate occur?
a) First trimester
b) Second trimester
c) Third trimester
d) Postnatal stage

a) First trimester

What facial feature is formed by the joining of the frontal nasal prominence?
a) Lobule
b) Cupid’s bow
c) Antihelix
d) Concha

b) Cupid’s bow

Which prominences form the lips bilaterally during fetal development?
a) Zygomatic prominences
b) Frontal nasal prominences
c) Maxillary prominences
d) Mandibular prominences

c) Maxillary prominences

The palate is formed by the joining of which embryonic structures?
a) Frontal bones and mandible
b) Left and right zygomatic prominences
c) Central nasal prominence and maxillary prominences
d) Temporal bones and nasal conchae

c) Central nasal prominence and maxillary prominences

What term refers to a split or gap between two structures that are normally joined?
a) Cyst
b) Fissure
c) Hernia
d) Cleft

d) Cleft

What is the medical term for a cleft lip?
a) Palatoschisis
b) Rhytidectomy
c) Cheiloschisis
d) Microtia

c) Cheiloschisis

What is the medical term for a cleft palate?
a) Cheiloschisis
b) Palatoschisis
c) Otoplasty
d) Dermachalasis

b) Palatoschisis

Cleft lip and cleft palate:
a) Always occur separately
b) Are only cosmetic issues
c) Can occur individually or together
d) Are caused by trauma

c) Can occur individually or together

A cleft can present in which of the following ways?
a) Only unilateral
b) Only bilateral
c) Unilateral or bilateral
d) Superior or inferior

c) Unilateral or bilateral

What causes a cleft to form during fetal development?
a) Excessive fusion of the facial bones
b) Trauma to the embryo during the third trimester
c) Disruption preventing fusion of three facial prominences
d) Overgrowth of the maxillary prominence

c) Disruption preventing fusion of three facial prominences

What structures can be affected by a cleft depending on the stage of fetal development?
a) The nasal septum and tongue
b) Only the palate
c) Just the upper lip, just the palate, or both
d) Only the upper jaw

c) Just the upper lip, just the palate, or both

How many categories of cleft lip are there?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five

c) Four

Which instrument is uniquely used during a cleft palate repair using the V-Y palatoplasty technique?
a) Senn retractor
b) Dingman mouth gag
c) Freer elevator
d) Raspatory

b) Dingman mouth gag

What does the pinna consist of?
a) Only the auricle
b) The auricle and tympanic membrane
c) The auricle and external auditory meatus
d) The external auditory canal and mastoid

c) The auricle and external auditory meatus

What is the name of the depression behind the ear next to the scalp?
a) Triangular fossa
b) Auricular sulcus
c) Concha
d) Scapha

b) Auricular sulcus

The outer edge of the pinna is called the:
a) Antihelix
b) Concha
c) Helix
d) Tragus

c) Helix

The cauda helices leads into which structure?
a) Tragus
b) Concha
c) Antihelix
d) Lobule

d) Lobule

Which Y-shaped structure forms a large part of the external ear?
a) Helix
b) Antihelix
c) Concha
d) Tragus

b) Antihelix

What space is located between the branches of the Y-shaped antihelix?
a) Scapha
b) Intertragal notch
c) Cymba conchae
d) Triangular fossa

d) Triangular fossa

Which depression lies between the helix and antihelix?
a) Scapha
b) Cavum conchae
c) Intertragal notch
d) Cymba conchae

a) Scapha

What are the two parts of the concha?
a) Tragus and antitragus
b) Scapha and fossa
c) Cavum conchae and cymba conchae
d) Helix and antihelix

c) Cavum conchae and cymba conchae

What is the small projection located medial to the ear canal?
a) Antitragus
b) Tragus
c) Concha
d) Lobule

b) Tragus

What pathology is defined as the congenital absence of part or all of the ear?
a) Macrotia
b) Prominent ears
c) Microtia
d) Otitis externa

c) Microtia

Prominent ears are usually due to:
a) Excess cartilage in the lobule
b) Obstruction in the auditory canal
c) Inadequate folding or absence of the antihelix
d) Rupture of the tympanic membrane

c) Inadequate folding or absence of the antihelix

• This causes the scapha and helical rim to protrude.

21-8. Rhinoplasty: External Technique

What is the primary goal of a rhinoplasty procedure?
a) Improve breathing through the nose
b) Repair a deviated septum
c) Reshape the external nose for cosmetic purposes
d) Remove nasal polyps

c) Reshape the external nose for cosmetic purposes

Rhinoplasty is classified as which type of surgical procedure?
a) Otologic
b) Functional
c) Reconstructive
d) Plastic
*

d) Plastic

Rhinoplasty may be combined with other nasal procedures for what reason?
a) To enhance the sense of smell
b) To repair trauma-related nasal damage
c) To prevent snoring
d) To diagnose sinus infections
*

b) To repair trauma-related nasal damage

Which of the following statements is true regarding rhinoplasty?
a) It is always performed to correct breathing problems
b) It involves reshaping internal nasal structures only
c) It results in functional changes to the nasal airway
d) It typically involves no change to interior nasal passageways
*

d) It typically involves no change to interior nasal passageways