Natural vs Artificial Selection Worksheet

Theory of Evolution

Proposes that different species have developed over time from other life forms.

Natural Selection

The natural process by which characteristics of a population change over generations as organisms with heritable traits survive and reproduce.

Selective Pressure

Biotic or abiotic conditions that select for certain characteristics in individuals of a species.

Artificial Selection

The human process of choosing which individuals will survive and reproduce, also known as selective breeding.

Gene Pool

All the genes and their different alleles found within a population.

Monoculture

The practice of planting the same varieties of species over large areas of land.

Gene Banks

Areas where the genome of artificially selected species is stored for future use.

Variation

Differences in traits among individuals of a species due to genetic differences.

Adaptations

Characteristics that improve an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment.

Biotic factors

Living components of an ecosystem, such as food availability and predators.

Abiotic factors

Non-living components of an ecosystem, such as water availability and temperature.

Allele Loss

A reduction in the number of different alleles in a population, often due to artificial selection.

Genetic Variation

Differences in genes among individuals, which can be passed to the next generation.

Survival of the Fittest

A phrase that summarizes the concept of natural selection, where the fittest individuals survive.

Selective Breeding

Another term for artificial selection, where humans choose desirable traits.

Environmental Change

Shifts in the ecosystem that can render certain species' adaptations unsuitable.

Nutritional Value Increase

A potential benefit of artificial selection leading to better quality products.

Population Homogeneity

A lack of genetic diversity in a population often exacerbated by artificial selection.