Unit 1: Biomes (HS)

biotic factors

living factors

abiotic factors

nonliving factors

biomass

plants create organic matter

Trophic levels

producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, and quartenary consumer (decomposer at every level)

Food chain

A food chain is a sequence that shows how energy and nutrients move from one organism to another when one eats another

Autotroph

producers that make their own food

heterotroph

consumers that eat others

ecological efficiency

Ecological efficiency is the percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next.(10%)

primary productivity

the rate at which autotrophs produce food

climatograms

A climatogram (also called a climate graph) is a graph that shows the climate of a location over an entire year.

species abundance

the quantity of each species

species richness

the number of different species

biodiversity

the variety of life in a particular area or on Earth.

ecosystem services

provisioning =food, wood. regulating= cleaning air, filtering water. cultural = spiritual and beauty

density dependent

limiting factors where size does matter

density independent

limiting factors where size DOES NOT matter

J curve

unrestrained growth, unlimited growth, exponential (bacteria)

S curve

restrained by limiting factors, logistic growth (larger mammals)

keystone species

A keystone species is a species that has a very large effect on its ecosystem compared with how many of them there are.

biomes

A biome is a large geographic area characterized mainly by its temperature and precipitation

ecology levels

Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biome → Biosphere

Richness Index

n/N number of species over number of total organisms

genetic diveristy

impacts population and differences in genes among individuals of the same species

species diversity

impacts community, how varies the different species living in an ecosystem and how evenly they are represented

ecosystem diversity

impacts biosphere. variety of different ecosystems in an area.

tropical rainforest

tropical temp, high precipitation

Deciduous Forest

temperate temp, high precipitation

taiga (Boreal)

polar temp, high precipitation

savanna (grassland)

tropical temp, moderate precipitation

prairie (grassland)

temperate temp, moderate precipitation

desert

tropical temp and low precipitation

tundra (desert)

polar temp and low precipitation