America, Land I Love Chapter 23 Review

Ronald Reagan

the oldest man to be elected President of the United States; the Great Communicator; the first President since Dwight Eisenhower to serve two 4-year terms

Margaret Thatcher

new conservative Prime Minister of Great Britain

Thomas Sowell

argued that careless welfare programs hurt ethnic minorities

Reaganomics

concepts that stressed that budgets should be balanced, the money supply should be stable--many wanted it to be backed by gold--and trade and business should be free from government regulation

budget deficit

spending more money than received in taxes

New Federalism

the policy initiated by President Reagan that stated that the individual states should assume more responsibility for government programs

feminists

claimed that the new law [Equal Rights Amendment] would ban discrimination on the basis of sex and called for unrestricted abortion and a role for women in military combat units

William Bennett

conservative educator and philosopher, the Secretary of Education under Ronald Reagan, who made strong arguments for the return of morality and discipline to the classroom

IBM

dominated the computer industry

1981

NASA launched the first space shuttle

Columbia

the first space shuttle

Reagan Doctrine

belief of stopping Communism before it could attack and enslave a country

Solidarity

Polish nationalists who decided to stand up to the Soviets

martial law

military rule

Grenada

Fidel Castro planned to take over this island nation in the West Indies and use it as a military base to invade the mainland of South America

Colonel Muamar Al Qaddafi

dictator of Libya who sponsored international terrorism

Central Intelligence Agency

CIA

Mikhail Gorbachev

new Soviet leader who met with President Reagan in Geneva, Switzerland in 1985

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces

a mutual limitation of nuclear arms signed by Mikhail Gorbachev and President Reagan; under this treaty, they agreed to remove their medium-range missiles from Europe

Evil Empire

President Reagan's nickname for the Soviet Union

1987

President Reagan visited the city of West Berlin

Strategic Defense Initiative

a program with a system of space-age weaponry designed to destroy enemy missile warheads in flight

Perestroika

means "restructuring"

Glasnost

means "openness"

Sandra Day O'Connor

the first woman justice to serve on the high court

George H. W. Bush

Reagan's Vice President

Tiananmen Square

site of a great demonstration for freedom in Beijing

Manuel Noriega

dictator of Panama who terrorized the people of Panama and smuggled illegal drugs into the United States

Nelson Mandela

Communist leader of South Africa

apartheid

South Africa's policy of racial segregation

Boris Yeltsin

President of the Russian republic

Saddam Hussein

dictator of Iraq

Kuwait

tiny, oil-rich kingdom that Saddam Hussein invaded

Operation Desert Storm

plan to liberate Kuwait from Saddam Hussein; the shortest war our nation has ever fought

General Colin Powell

military leader in command of Operation Desert Storm

General Norman Schwarzkopf

military leader appointed to lead the troops into combat in Operation Desert Storm

February 24, 1991

American, British, and French forces invaded Iraq

2 1/2 months

how long did Operation Desert Storm last

Clarence Thomas

federal judge appointed to the Supreme Court to replace Thurgood Marshall

warlords

military dictators

Savings and Loan scandals

series of incidents that cost the taxpayers $500 billion when careless speculation and illegal accounting procedures led to a number of bank failures

Hillary Clinton

intended to share the responsibilities of the Presidency with her husband

Whitewater Affair

political scandal during Bill Clinton's Presidency

1994 Congressional elections

the first time in 40 years the Republican party had control of Congress

national health care

socialized medicine

Tax Freedom Day

the day in the year when one's earnings stop going for taxes

Internet

one of the most important developments in the 1990s

Tim Berners-Lee

English computer scientist who developed the first Web page in 1990

GPS

a series of satellites launched by the Department of Defense in 1978

Human Genome Project

a massive effort to identify all of the approximately 30,000 genes in human DNA

NAFTA

called for the elimination of tariffs and other trade restrictions between the countries of America, Canada, and Mexico

North Korea

Communist country building atomic weapons in 1994

Kim Jong-II

son of the Communist dictator of North Korea who agreed to "freeze" North Korea's nuclear program in exchange for technology and diplomatic and economic relations with the United States

World Trade Center

buildings structure bombed by terrorists in New York City

Osama bin Laden

leader of al Qaeda

Hispanics

the fastest growing and largest minority ethnic group in the United States

Daniel Ken Inouye

the first Japanese American to serve in the U.S. Congress

Patsy Takemoto Mink

the first Japanese American woman to serve in Congress

melting pot

the idea that many different cultures have come together in America with the understanding that all must work together regardless of ethnic heritage or skin color.

multiculturalism

the desire to return minority peoples to their tribal roots and religions.