Environment

🧪 Animal Testing / Medicine / Ethics

💡 Nếu muốn nói... (Band 6)

✅ Band 8 expression + Ví dụ + Ứng dụng

🧪 thử nghiệm trên động vật → test on animals

animal testing → Animal testing continues to play an important role in medical research. → 📌 Science, Healthcare, Ethics

💊 đảm bảo thuốc an toàn → make medicines safe

ensure the safety and effectiveness of new medicines → It helps ensure the safety and effectiveness of new medicines. → 📌 Medicine, Healthcare

👨‍⚕️ thử trên người → test on humans

administered to humans → ...before they are administered to humans. → 📌 Medicine, Science

⚠️ tác dụng phụ → side effects

potential side effects, toxicity and long-term impact → Scientists must understand its potential side effects, toxicity and long-term impact. → 📌 Healthcare, Science

☣️ phát hiện nguy cơ → find dangerous problems

identify potential risks → Researchers can identify potential risks before medicines are used on people. → 📌 Healthcare, Government

🚑 giảm nguy cơ gây hại → reduce harm

reduce the likelihood of serious harm → ...thereby reducing the likelihood of serious harm. → 📌 Healthcare, Safety

🛡️ lớp bảo vệ cuối cùng → important protection

an important safeguard → Animal testing remains an important safeguard in the development of new medicines. → 📌 Healthcare, Government

💉 tiến bộ y học → medical progress

medical breakthroughs → Animal research has contributed to numerous medical breakthroughs. → 📌 Science, Healthcare

❤️ cứu sống nhiều người → save lives

life-saving medical advances → Many life-saving medical advances... → 📌 Healthcare, Technology

🌍 cải thiện sức khỏe cộng đồng → improve people's health

improve public health worldwide → ...have improved public health worldwide. → 📌 Healthcare, Government

🐾 Animal Welfare / Ethics

💡 Nếu muốn nói... (Band 6)

✅ Band 8 expression + Ví dụ + Ứng dụng

😢 động vật đau đớn → animals suffer

be capable of experiencing pain and suffering → Animals are capable of experiencing pain and suffering. → 📌 Animal Rights, Ethics

🧫 thí nghiệm đau đớn → harmful experiments

invasive experiments → Subjecting them to invasive experiments... → 📌 Science, Ethics

🔒 nhốt lâu → keep animals in cages

prolonged confinement → ...prolonged confinement... → 📌 Animal Rights

🔁 thử nghiệm nhiều lần → test again and again

repeated testing → ...or repeated testing... → 📌 Science

⚖️ vấn đề đạo đức → ethical problem

raise serious ethical concerns → ...raises serious ethical concerns. → 📌 Ethics, AI, Science

🚫 không thể đồng ý → cannot agree

cannot consent to procedures → They cannot consent to procedures performed solely for human benefit. → 📌 Ethics, Medicine

❤️ giảm đau khổ → reduce suffering

minimise animal suffering → Researchers have an ethical responsibility to minimise animal suffering. → 📌 Animal Rights

🧭 trách nhiệm đạo đức → moral responsibility

have an ethical responsibility → Researchers have an ethical responsibility... → 📌 Government, Ethics

🤖 Alternatives / Technology

💡 Nếu muốn nói... (Band 6)

✅ Band 8 expression + Ví dụ + Ứng dụng

💻 mô phỏng máy tính → computer models

computer simulations → Technologies such as computer simulations... → 📌 Technology, AI

🧬 tế bào người → human cells

human cell cultures → ...human cell cultures... → 📌 Science, Medicine

🫀 cơ quan nhân tạo → artificial organs

artificial organs → Technologies such as artificial organs... → 📌 Healthcare, Technology

🔬 công nghệ mới → new technology

organ-on-a-chip systems → ...organ-on-a-chip systems... → 📌 Science

🎯 chính xác hơn → more accurate

becoming more accurate in predicting... → ...are becoming more accurate in predicting how medicines will affect the human body. → 📌 Technology, AI

👤 phù hợp với con người hơn → better for humans

more directly relevant to humans → These methods produce results that are more directly relevant to humans. → 📌 Healthcare

🚫 không phụ thuộc vào → not depend on

without relying exclusively on... → ...without relying exclusively on animal testing. → 📌 Technology, Government

🔄 thay thế phương pháp cũ → use another method

develop and adopt alternative testing methods → Governments should develop and adopt alternative testing methods. → 📌 Government, Technology

⭐ Bộ collocations tái sử dụng cực mạnh

promote greater social harmony → ...narrowing extreme income disparities can promote greater social harmony. → 📌 Society, Government, Crime

🧪 Science / Healthcare

strengthen social cohesion → ...can strengthen social cohesion and improve overall well-being. → 📌 Society, Community, Crime

people are more likely to view society as unfair → ...people are more likely to view society as unfair. → 📌 Inequality, Government, Crime

ensure the safety and effectiveness

increase resentment between different social groups → ...increase feelings of resentment between different social groups. → 📌 Society, Crime, Government

improve overall well-being → ...promote greater social harmony and improve overall well-being. → 📌 Health, Society, Government

potential side effects

improve access to quality education, healthcare and social protection → Governments can improve access to quality education, healthcare and social protection. → 📌 Government, Education, Healthcare

enjoy a reasonable standard of living → ...enables more people to enjoy a reasonable standard of living. → 📌 Economy, Society

long-term impact

opportunities become more equally distributed → ...opportunities become more equally distributed across society. → 📌 Education, Economy

experience greater financial security → Individuals experience greater financial security and life satisfaction. → 📌 Economy, Happiness

identify potential risks

invest in their personal development → ...invest in their personal development. → 📌 Education, Career

an important safeguard

Band 8 expression + Example + Ứng dụng

medical breakthroughs

provide important incentives for personal achievement → Maintaining a reasonable income gap provides important incentives for personal achievement. → 📌 Economy, Education, Career

reflect differences in skills, responsibilities and contributions → Income inequality often reflects differences in skills, responsibilities and contributions. → 📌 Education, Work

life-saving medical advances

economic productivity → Economic productivity and innovation could gradually decline. → 📌 Economy, Technology

drive innovation → ...economic productivity and innovation could gradually decline. → 📌 Technology, Economy

improve public health

impose very high taxes → Governments would need to impose very high taxes... → 📌 Taxation, Government

⚖️ Ethics

income redistribution policies → ...or extensive income redistribution policies. → 📌 Government, Economy

investment, entrepreneurship and business expansion → ...may discourage investment, entrepreneurship and business expansion. → 📌 Business, Economy

raise serious ethical concerns

economic growth slows → As economic growth slows... → 📌 Economy

collect tax revenue → Governments may ultimately collect less tax revenue. → 📌 Government, Economy

invasive experiments

finance public services → ...finance the public services intended to improve people's lives. → 📌 Government, Healthcare, Education

society becomes more prosperous → Society could become less prosperous despite achieving greater income equality. → 📌 Economy, Government

prolonged confinement

improve living standards for lower-income groups → Improving living standards for lower-income groups... → 📌 Poverty, Economy

ensure equal opportunities → Governments should ensure equal opportunities. → 📌 Education, Employment

repeated testing

adequate living standards → ...ensure adequate living standards... → 📌 Poverty, Welfare

preserve sufficient financial incentives for individuals to contribute productively to society → ...preserving sufficient financial incentives for individuals to contribute productively to society. → 📌 Economy, Government, Work