Court Cases and Altering the Constitution Part 1

Question: The Supreme Court case Baker v. Carr decided that redistricting issues present justiciable (Meaning the Court can look at the question where it is not stated in the Constitution that they can, thus increasing that branch's powers) questions, allowing federal courts to intervene in and decide redistricting cases. Which of the following basic principles was altered or reinforced?

Separation of Powers

Question: The Supreme Court decision in Reynolds v. Sims ruled that state legislative districts must be roughly equal in population, ensuring equal representation under the Equal Protection Clause. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Popular Sovereignty

Question: The Gibbons v. Ogden decision affirmed Congress's exclusive authority to regulate interstate commerce, including navigation, under the Commerce Clause. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Federalism

Question: In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court upheld Congress’s implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause and prohibited states from taxing federal institutions. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Federalism

Question: The Force Bill authorized President Jackson to use military force to enforce federal tariff laws and rejected the Nullification Doctrine. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Federalism

Question: The Supreme Court decision in Myers v. United States ruled that the President has the exclusive power to remove executive branch officials without needing Senate approval. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Separation of Powers

Question: The Supreme Court decision in Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha ruled that the legislative veto violated constitutional standards for lawmaking. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Separation of Powers

Question: In Buckley v. Valeo, the Supreme Court ruled that limits on personal election spending are unconstitutional under the First Amendment, though contributions can be limited. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Limited Government