MAURYA DYNASTY

WHO IS THE FOUNDER OF THE MAURYA DYNASTY

CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA

How long did CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA reign?

(R. 323–298 BCE)

He was known as THE GREATEST MAURYA RULER

ASHOKA

How long did ASHOKA reign?

(R. 272–231 BCE)

HE LEFT HIS IMPRINT ON HISTORY BY CONVERTING TO BUDDHISM AND SPREADING THE BUDDHA’S TEACHING THROUGHOUT AND BEYOND INDIA.

ASHOKA

HE COMMISSIONED WORKS THAT REFLECT GREEK AND PERSIAN INFLUENCES AND ERECTED A SERIES OF PILLARS THROUGHOUT THE EMPIRE BEARING BUDDHIST TEACHINGS

ASHOKA

refers to the established locations bearing inscriptions of his edicts and messages, showcasing his commitment to promoting Buddhism in ancient India.

CAPITALS OF THE PILLARS OF ASHOKA

What were the 7 Capital Pillars of Ashoka?

- VAISHALILION

- SANKISSA ELEPHANT

- RAMPURVA ZEBU BULL

- LAURIA NANDANGARH LION

- RAMPURVA LION

- FOUR LIONS, ONCE POSSIBLY CROWNED BY A WHEEL

- THE LION CAPITAL OF ASHOKA

When did the Shunga Period begin?

(185-72 BCE)

After the fall of the Mauryan dynasty, what new dynasty was established?

Shunga Dynasty

The SHUNGA DYNASTY rule over where?

north central region of India

What kind of new monumental forms emerge in the SHUNGA DYNASTY?

Buddhist Art and Architecture

- started out as small burial mounds erected in sacred places for wealthy individuals and rulers in the Maurya Period.

Stupa

stone railing around the shoulder of the mound

Vedika

gates in the outer vedika around the stupa point to the cardinal points of the compass

Torana

a Buddhist shrine or prayer hall with a stupa at one end. In modern texts on Indian architecture, the term chaitya-griha is often used to denote an assembly or prayer hall that houses a stupa

Chaitya

(known as the Yuen-chin)

Kushan

migrated to Pakistan, Afghanistan and Northern India.

Kushans

They were nomadic Caucasians who came from southern Mongolia and northwestern China.

Kushan

Indians trained in Roman styles worked in Gandhara, a region previously exposed to the arts of the Persians, Greeks, and Maurya emperors

Kushan Period

This period was named after Chandragupta I

Gupta Period (320-500 CE)

He was crowned in Pataliputra, the old Mauryan capital

Chandragupta I

This period covers the "classical period" of Indian art

Gupta Period (320-500 CE)

When did the Gupta period start?

(320-500 CE)

The single most famous Gupta image from Sarnath represents him as a spiritualized yogin ascetic with a large nimbus, seated crossed-legged on a Lion Throne.

Chandragupta I, Gupta Period (320-500 CE)

is said to be the art form that holds most traditions and oldest history among all the art forms in the world.

Indian Art

Their aspect of art is said to be highly realistic.

Indian Art

What are the 3 major Influences of Indian Art?

• Mohenjo-Daro

• Influence of Buddhism

• Reincarnation

To them art is one way of expressing the message of religion.

Indian Art

Art in India is_________ & __________

Sacred & Holy

Indian art enhances the intrinsic beauty of the materials used, applying_______________ & _______________

harmoniously vivid & contrasting colors

these are elements for humans to showcase feelings, eroticism, hope and love.

Primordial Elements

these elements on the other hand are part of the flow of component which they were inspired.

Flowers, elephants, birds and fish

Another important issue for them is the _____________ & _________________

Love between gods & their Loved Ones

this aspect is expressed with refined sensuality; Hugs, and body positions allude to carnal love but away from the grotesque.

Love between gods & their Loved Ones

They also represent divine battles again evil by their gods and mystics monstrous been surrender or destroyed by these divinities being.

Love between gods & their Loved Ones

What are the 5 Elements used in Indian Art?

1. Earth: Square

2. Water: Circle

3. Fire: Triangle

4. Air: Half Moon

5. Sky: Shape of a Droplet

An immense mausoleum of white marble, built in Agra between 1631 and 1648 by order of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife

TAJ MAHAL

TAJ MAHAL

the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage.

10 FOLK PAINTING FORMS THAT ARE STILL PRACTICED IN SELECT PARTS OF THE COUNTRY

1. MADHUBANI

2. MINIATURE PAINTINGS

3. PHAD

4. WARLI

5. GOND

6. KALAMKARI

7. TANJORE

8. CHERIYAL SCROLLS

9. KALIGHAT PAINTINGS

10.PATACHITRA

MADHUBANI

Also called Mithila art, it originated in the kingdom of Janak [in Nepal and in present-day Bihar

MADHUBANI

one of the most popular Indian folk arts, practiced mostly by women who wanted to be one with God

Characterized by geometric patterns, this art form wasn’t known to the outside world until the British discovered it after an earthquake in 1930’s

MADHUBANI

this earthquake that happened on the 1930’s resulted to the discovery of…….

Madhubani Paintings

It mirrored the work of _________ & _________,

Picasso and Miro

It mirrored the work of Picasso and Miro, according to William G. Archer. Most of these paintings or wall murals depict gods, flora and fauna.

MADHUBANI FOLK PAINTINGS

It mirrored the work of Picasso and Miro, according to ________________________

William G. Archer

Most of these paintings or wall murals depict _______, _________ and _________

gods, flora and fauna.

These paintings are characterized by its miniature size but intricate details and acute expressions.

MINIATURE PAINTINGS

Originating in the Mughal era, around 16th century

MINIATURE PAINTINGS

Originating in the Mughal era, around 16th century

MINIATURE PAINTINGS

these paintings are influenced by Persian styles, and flourished under Shah Jahan and Akbar’s rule.

MINIATURE PAINTINGS

these kind of folk paintings depict religious symbols and epics

MINIATURE PAINTINGS

These paintings stand out as humans are portrayed with large eyes, a pointed nose and a slim waist, and men are always seen with a turban

MINIATURE PAINTINGS

Originating in Rajasthan, is mainly a religious form of scroll painting depicting folk deities Pabuji or Devnarayan

PHAD

The 30- or 15 feet-long canvas or cloth that it is painted on is called

Phad

Vegetable colours and a running narrative of the lives and heroic deeds of deities characterize these paintings

PHAD

this is easily one of the oldest art forms of India

WARLI

Originated by the _______ ______ from the Western Ghat of India, in 2500 BCE,

Warli Tribes

It is mainly the use of circles, triangles and squares to form numerous shapes and depict daily life activities like fishing, hunting, festivals, dance and more

WARLI

• What sets it apart is the human shape: a circle and two triangles.

• All the paintings are done on a red ochre or dark background, while the shapes are white in color.

WARLI

Characterized by a sense of belonging with nature,

GOND

the _______ ________ in Madhya Pradesh created these bold, vibrantly colored paintings, depicting mainly flora and fauna

Gondi Tribe

• The colors come from charcoal, cow dung, leaves and colored soil.

• it is made up of dots and lines.

• Today, these styles are imitated, but with acrylic paints.

GOND

Literally meaning ‘drawings with a pen’

KALAMKARI

Kalamkari is of two types of drawing in India:

(1) Machilipatnam, which originates from Machilipatnam in Andhra Pradesh and

(2) Srikalahasti, which originates from Chitoor in the same state

Today, Kalamkari art is used on __________ and ________ ______ and depicts anything from flora and fauna to epics such as Mahabharata or Ramayana

Sarees and Ethnic clothing

In KALAMKARI

the former refers to it _________ ________ form of art

the latter refers to it _______ ________ form of art with pen and fabric

• block-printed form of art

• free-flowing form of art

From down South, Thanjavur paintings originated in 1600 AD, encouraged by the Nayakas of Thanjavur

TANJORE

You can recognize a ____________ painting by its use of gold foil, which glitters and lends the painting a surreal look.

Thanjavur

These panel paintings on wooden planks depict devotion to gods, goddesses and saints.

TANJORE

Tanjore borrows its styles from __________and _________ art, as well as European styles.

Maratha and Deccani

Originating in present-day Telangana

CHERIYAL SCROLLS

CHERIYAL SCROLLS are practiced by who’s family?

Nakashi family

Cheriyal Scrolls are influenced by?

Kalamkari art

They resemble modern-day comic panels, with about 50 on each scroll

Cheriyal Scrolls

They use primary colors and a vivid imagination, a stark contrast from the traditional rigor of Tanjore or Mysore paintings

CHERIYAL SCROLLS

A recently discovered painting style, it originated in the 19th century Bengal, from Kalighat

KALIGHAT PAINTINGS

These paintings, on cloth and pattas, at first depicted Gods and Goddesses, but then took a turn towards social reform

KALIGHAT PAINTINGS

• With cheap paper and paint colors, squirrel hair brushes and color pigments,

• the art was characterized by flawless strokes, brushwork, and simple but bold drawings.

• It sought to raise awareness about social conditions in its viewers – rich zamindars were depicted drinking wine with women, while priests were shown with ‘unchaste’ women and police being sloppy.

KALIGHAT PAINTINGS

A cloth-based scroll painting from Odisha and West Bengal, these paintings with sharp, angular bold lines depict epics, Gods and Goddesses.

PATACHITRA

Originating from the fifth century in religious hubs like Puri and Konark, around the same time that sculpturing began

PATACHITRA

What’s unique about this art form is that the dress style depicted in the paintings has heavy influence of the Mughal era.

PATACHITRA

'rang' meaning 'color' and 'aavalli' meaning 'row of colors'

RANGOLI

• is an art form, originating in the Indian subcontinent,

• in which patterns are created on the floor or the ground using materials such as colored rice, dry flour, colored sand or flower petals

RANGOLI