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incongruity
n. 不协调;不适宜;不相称 the fact of being strange or unsuitable in a particular situation
gauge
v. 测量;评估 If you gauge the speed or strength of something, or if you gauge an amount, you measure or calculate it, often by using a device of some kind.
counterproductive
adj. 产生相反结果的 having the opposite effect to what is intended
downplay
v. 低估;轻描淡写 If you downplay a fact or feature, you try to make people think that it is less important or serious than it really is.
copious
adj. 大量的;丰富的 A copious amount of something is a large amount of it.
furnish
v. 提供;供应 If you furnish someone with something, you provide or supply it.
refine
v. 改进;改善 If something such as a process, theory, or machine is refined, it is improved by having small changes made to it.
saturate
v. 使充满;使饱和 If people or things saturate a place or object, they fill it completely so that no more can be added.
critical
adj. 极重要的;关键的;至关重要的 extremely important because a future situation will be affected by it
plague
v. 使困扰 If you are plagued by unpleasant things, they continue to cause you a lot of trouble or suffering.
distort
v. 歪曲;曲解 If you distort a statement, fact, or idea, you report or represent it in an untrue way.
forestall
v. 预先阻止 If you forestall someone, you realize what they are likely to do and prevent them from doing it.
variability
n. 可变性;易变性;反复不定 the fact of sth being likely to vary
verifiable
adj. 可证实的 Something that is verifiable can be proved to be true or genuine.
superficial
adj. 肤浅的 If you describe someone as superficial, you disapprove of them because they do not think deeply, and have little understanding of anything serious or important.
accentuate
v. 强调;突出 To accentuate something means to emphasize it or make it more noticeable.
misdemeanor
n. 轻罪;不当行为 a minor wrong action or crime
perilous
adj. 危险的 Something that is perilous is very dangerous.
coarse
adj. 粗糙的 Coarse things have a rough texture because they consist of thick threads or large pieces.
trite
adj. 陈腐的;老套的 boring and not original because too often repeated
stationary
adj. 静止的 Something that is stationary is not moving.
affecting
adj. 深深打动人的;感动人的 producing strong feelings of sadness and sympathy
tentative
adj. 初步的,不确定的 Tentative agreements, plans, or arrangements are not definite or certain, but have been made as a first step.
arresting
adj. 引人注意的 If something is arresting, it is interesting, striking, or impressive.
oblivious
adj. 没意识到 If you are oblivious to something or oblivious of it, you are not aware of it.
rigorous
adj. 严格的;缜密的 If someone is rigorous in the way that they do something, they are very careful and thorough.
invalidate
v. 使无效;证明…错误 to cause something to be considered illegal or not acceptable
surmount
v. 克服;解决 If you surmount a problem or difficulty, you deal successfully with it.
subvert
v. 颠覆 to try to destroy the authority of a political, religious, etc. system by attacking it secretly or indirectly
redress
v. 纠正;补救 If you redress something such as a wrong or a complaint, you do something to correct it or to improve things for the person who has been badly treated.
presumably
adv. 据推测,大概 If you say that something is presumably the case, you mean that you think it is very likely to be the case, although you are not certain.
extort
v. 勒索 If someone extorts money from you, they get it from you using force, threats, or other unfair or illegal means.
unrivalled
adj. 无与伦比的,无敌的 better than everyone or everything of the same type
derelict
adj. 废弃的;破败的 empty and in a bad state of repair because not used or lived in for a long time
static
adj. 静止的 Something that is static does not move or change.
nuance
n. 细微差别 a very slight difference in meaning, sound, colour or sb's feelings that is not usually very obvious
unremitting
adj. 不间断的;持续的 never stopping or getting weaker
contradict
v. 反驳;与…矛盾 If you contradict someone, you tell them that what they have just said is wrong, or suggest that it is wrong by saying something different.
ostentatious
adj. 炫耀的;铺张的 If you describe someone as ostentatious, you disapprove of them because they want to impress people with their wealth or importance.
antiquated
adj. 陈旧的;过时的 If you describe something as antiquated, you are critical of it because it is very old or old-fashioned.
defunct
adj. 已停用的;已废止的 no longer existing, operating or being used
bleak
adj. 黯淡的,没有希望的 If a situation is bleak, it is bad, and seems unlikely to improve.
misgiving
n. 疑虑 If you have misgivings about something that is being suggested or done, you feel that it is not quite right, or that it may have unwanted results.
dispassionate
adj. 冷静的;客观的 Someone who is dispassionate is calm and reasonable, and not affected by emotions.
alliance
n. 联盟 An alliance is a group of countries or political parties that are formally united and working together because they have similar aims.
drastic
adj. 剧烈的 A drastic change is a very great change.
backfire
v. 适得其反;事与愿违 If a plan or project backfires, it has the opposite result to the one that was intended.
enticing
adj. 诱人的 attractive and tempting; appealing
comprehensible
adj. 可理解的;能懂的 that can be understood by sb
contrive
v. 策划;设法做到 If you contrive an event or situation, you succeed in making it happen, often by tricking someone.
compress
v. 压缩;精简 When you compress something or when it compresses, it is pressed or squeezed so that it takes up less space.
forgo
v. 放弃,弃绝(想做的事或想得之物) If you forgo something, you decide to do without it, although you would like it.
embark
v. 开始;着手 If you embark on something new, difficult, or exciting, you start doing it.
provoke
v. 激起;引起;引发 to cause a particular reaction or have a particular effect
fervor
n. 热情 Fervor for something is a very strong feeling for or belief in it.
advent
n. 出现;到来 The advent of an important event, invention, or situation is the fact of it starting or coming into existence.
champion
v. 拥护;捍卫 If you champion a person, a cause, or a principle, you support or defend them.
curtail
v. 缩减 If you curtail something, you reduce or limit it.
persistent
adj. 坚持不懈的 Someone who is persistent continues trying to do something, even though it is difficult or other people are against it.
implication
n. 含义;影响 The implications of something are the things that are likely to happen as a result.
cede
v. 割让;让出 If someone in a position of authority cedes land or power to someone else, they let them have the land or power, often as a result of military or political pressure.
consolidate
v. 巩固 If you consolidate something that you have, for example power or success, you strengthen it so that it becomes more effective or secure.
manageable
adj. 可操纵的;可处理的 possible to deal with or control
comprehend
v. 理解;领会 If you cannot comprehend something, you cannot understand it.
anticipate
v. 预期 If you anticipate an event, you realize in advance that it may happen and you are prepared for it.
suppress
v. 镇压 If someone in authority suppresses an activity, they prevent it from continuing, by using force or making it illegal.
gaunt
adj. 憔悴的;骨瘦如柴的 If someone looks gaunt, they look very thin, usually because they have been very ill or worried.
dissociate
v. 把…分开 to think of two people or things as separate and not connected with each other
redeemable
adj. 可兑换的;可交换的 that can be exchanged for money or goods
traverse
v. 走过;穿过 If someone or something traverses an area of land or water, they go across it.
insuperable
adj. 不可逾越的;难以克服的 impossible to overcome or deal with
effectual
adj. 有效果的 If an action or plan is effective, it succeeds in producing the results that were intended.
approbation
n. 批准,认可 an act of approving formally or officially
scandalous
adj. 不道德的;令人震惊的 Scandalous behaviour or activity is considered immoral and shocking.
congregate
v. 聚集 When people congregate, they gather together and form a group.
repudiate
v. 拒绝接受;否认 If you repudiate something or someone, you show that you strongly disagree with them and do not want to be connected with them in any way.
placid
adj. 平和的;安静的 A placid person or animal is calm and does not easily become excited, angry, or upset.
reciprocate
v. 回报 If your feelings or actions toward someone are reciprocated, the other person feels or behaves in the same way toward you as you have felt or behaved toward them.
complement
v. 补充;使完美;使更具吸引力 to add to sth in a way that improves it or makes it more attractive
given
prep. 考虑到 If you say given something, you mean taking that thing into account.
intrinsic
adj. 内在的;本质的 valuable or interesting because of its basic nature or character, and not because of its connection with other things.
jeopardize
v. 损害;危及 To jeopardize a situation or activity means to do something that may destroy it or cause it to fail.
implement
v. 实施;执行 If you implement something such as a plan, you ensure that what has been planned is done.
aggregation
n. 聚集 the formation of a number of things into a cluster
substitute
v. 替代;取代 If you substitute one thing for another, or if one thing substitutes for another, it takes the place or performs the function of the other thing.
plenitude
n. 丰富;充足 a large amount of something; abundance
respectively
adv. 分别;各自;顺序为;依次为 in the same order as the people or things already mentioned
counterpart
n. 职务相当的人;作用相当的事物 a person or thing that has the same job or purpose as another in a different place or situation
extract
v. 提炼;提取 To extract a substance means to obtain it from something else, for example, by using industrial or chemical processes.
precipitate
v. 造成;发生 If something precipitates an event or situation, usually a bad one, it causes it to happen suddenly or sooner than normal.
wane
v. 减弱;减少 If something wanes, it becomes gradually weaker or less, often so that it eventually disappears.
scrupulous
adj. 严谨的 Scrupulous means thorough, exact, and careful about details.
calibrate
v. 校准 If you calibrate an instrument or tool, you mark or adjust it so that you can use it to measure something accurately.
replicable
adj. 可复制的 able to be copied or reproduced exactly
incorporate
v. 将…包括在内;包含 to include something so that it forms a part of something
mushroom
v. 迅速增长;蓬勃发展 If something such as an industry or a place mushrooms, it grows or comes into existence very quickly.
entrust
v. 委托;交付 to make sb responsible for doing sth or taking care of sb
contrivance
n. 计谋;圈套 a clever plan or trick; the act of using a clever plan or trick
mundane
adj. 平凡的;单调的 Something that is mundane is very ordinary and not at all interesting or unusual.
elucidate
v. 阐明;解释 If you elucidate something, you make it clear and easy to understand.