The Circulatory System

Left Atrium Function

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Right Atrium Function

Receives Deoxygenated Blood

Left Ventricle Function

Pumps oxygenated Blood to body

Right Ventricle Function

Pumps Deoxygenated blood to lungs

Bicuspid (Left AV) valve function

Prevents Backflow of blood from left Ventricle into the left atrium

Tricuspid(Right AV) valve function

Prevents Backflow of blood from from right atrium into the right ventricle

Pulmonary Semilunar valve

Prevents back flow of blood from pulmonary artery into right ventricle

Aortic Semilunar Valve

Prevents backflow of blood from aorta to left ventricle

Aorta Function

Carries oxygenated blood from left ventricle to rest of body

Pulmonary Veins

Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium

Pulmonary Arteries

Carries Deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs

Septum function

Separates left and right sides of heart- prevents oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing

Blood flow pathways in the heart

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava- Right Atrium- Tricuspid Valve- Right Ventricle- semilunar valve- pulmonary artery- Lungs- Pulmonary Veins- Left Atrium- Bicuspid Valve- Left Ventricle- Semilunar Valve- Aorta- Body- Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

What is a double loop Circulatory System

Circulatory System where blood passes through the heart and has 2 different circuits. It’s important because it allows oxygenated blood to be separated from deoxygenated, which increases the efficiency of oxygen transport and energy production of the body

What is the pulmonary pathway

Heart to Lungs- Oxygenated blood

what is the systemic pathways

Heart to Body- Delivers oxygen- Picks up waste

SA Node

The SA node is like the heart's natural pacemaker. It sends out electrical signals that make the heart beat regularly.

AV Node

The AV node is like a gate that briefly holds the electrical signal from the heart's pacemaker before passing it on to the lower chambers, making sure they contract in the right order.

Structure and how the structure does its job of an artery

Structure- Thick, Muscular, walls with elastic fibres

Function- allows walls to withstand high pressure- elasticity for high blood flow

Structure and reason for stricter of a vein

Structure- Thinner walls then arteries- with valves

Function- valves prevent back flow of blood

Structure and reason for structure Capillary

Structure: Extremely Thin walls- one cell layer thick

Function- Thin walls allow for easy exchange of substance

Define Systolic Blood pressure

Pressure in the arteries when the heart beats

Define diastolic blood pressure

Pressure in the arteries when heart is at rest between beats

Healthy Blood pressure

120\80

4 components of blood

Red Blood Cells(Erythrocytes)

White Blood Cells(Leukocytes)

Platelets

Plasma

Function of Red Blood Cells

Carries Oxygen to bodies tissue and removes carbon dioxide

Function of Leukocytes

Fights against infections and diseases

Function of Platelets

Helps in blood clotting to stop bleeding

Function of Plasma

Transports blood cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste products

What stimulates the muscle fibres to contract and relax rhythmically

The SA node initiates electrical impulses that causes heart muscles fibres to contract and relax rhythmically

Another name for the SA node

Pacemaker

How does the SA node make the two atria contract

It generates electrical impulses that spread through atria- causes contractions

How do the walls of the ventricle begin their contractions

The electrical impulse from the SA node reaches the AV node which transmits the impulse to the ventricle via fibres causing the walls to contract

What does an ECG mean

Electrocardiogram- measures the electrical activity of the heart

Define AV node

cluster of cells in the heart that regulates the electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles!

Define SA node

heart's natural pacemaker, initiating the electrical impulses that control the heart rate.