3_The Practice of Globalization

Holton,

Sholte,

Lawson

The useful checklist training the phases of globalization was drawn by _____ (1998), _____ (2001), and _____ (2012).

Mid 18th Century - 1870s

years of first phase

1920s - 1960s

years of second phase

1960s - present

years of third phase

development of international networks

first phase (1)

beginning of international affairs

first phase (2)

international relations through treaties and agreements in Europe

first phase (3)

international relations through treaties and agreements in Europe

first phase (4)

establishment of international committee of the Red Cross in 1863

first phase (5)

significant development in communication and transportation

first phase (6)

development of international competitions

first phase (5)

first World War

first phase (6)

establishment of League of Nations

second phase (1)

global effect of Cold War

second phase (2)

rise of Third World Countries in international arena

second phase (3)

increased attention to humanitarian works and development aid

second phase (4)

introduction of global icons and American consumerism

second phase (5)

establishment of global communication

third phase (1)

increasing power and influence of international financial institutions

third phase (2)

rapid rise of US and expansion of Western investments and multinational firms

third phase (3)

end of cold war

third phase (4)

increase in social movement and global civil society

third phase (5)

introduction of World Wide Web and continuous influence of telecommunications

third phase (6)

rise of global attention to environmental concern and snit-globalization campaign

third phase (7)

1914 - 1918

years of World War I

Germany,

Austria Hungary,

Ottoman Empire,

Bulgaria

4 Central Powers countries

Great Britain,

France,

Russia,

Italy,

Japan

5 Allied Power countries

1939 - 1945

years of World War II

Germany,

Italy,

Japan

3 Axis Powers countries

Great Britain,

United States,

Soviet Union,

France

4 Allies Powers

1991

year when Cold War ended

Soviet Union

Cold War ended because of fall of _____.

Thomas Friedman

For a better grasp on the historical developments of globalization, _____ described the phases of globalization into three periods.

globalization 1.0,

globalization 2.0,

globalization 3.0

3 phases of globalization

1492 - 1800

years of globalization 1.0

1800 - 1950

years of globalization 2.0

1950 - 2000

years of globalization 3.0

period of mercantilism

glbzn 1.0 (1)

age of industrialization (rise of British Economy)

glbzn 1.0 (2)

inventions:

steam engine,

printing press,

railway system

glbzn 1.0 (3)

development of social systems and institutions:

government,

education,

exchange of goods within the region

glbzn 1.0 (4)

end of World War II

glbzn 2.0 (1)

age of Pax Brittanica

glbzn 2.0 (2)

formation of Market Integration and Institutionalizations of major economic activities in global marker

glbzn 2.0 (3)

period of technology and Internet

glbzn 3.0 (1)

age of Information

glbzn 3.0 (2)

intensification of trade worldwide and development of multination corporations

glbzn 3.0 (3)

new players and prominent economic actors:

China,

ASEAN,

European Union,

Japan,

South Korea

glbzn 3.0 (4)

Anthony Giddens

described the globalization as intensification of worldwide social relations.

global economic activity

is the most obvious face of this phenomenon where economic activities have immense effect to other global operations such as governments, education, and technology.

world capitalist economy,

nation-state system,

world military

3 dimensions of globalization

world capitalist economy

primary force of glboalization

capitalists states

are the main engines of global production and distribution of goods and services

capitalists

engage in transnational operation maintaining pool of resources such as labor and capital

multinational corporations

are very powerful in controlling domestic and foreign market

nation-state system

sovereignty of states has been emphasized as a primary part of independence and autonomy

sovereignty

the concept of ____ in a globalized world is understood as the best form of asserting the existence and operation of a state in order to be recognized

nation-state system

it has been used as a major political unit in international relations

nation-state system

nation-states have the right to make their own collective objectives

nation-state

A system of organization in which people with a common identity live inside a country

France,

Egypt,

Germany,

Japan

4 countries that are examples of nation-state

world military

strengthening military power is the priority of the first world countries as well as the developing and third world countries

world military

budget allotted by governments to defense and military surged hundred folds with the aim of delivering world-class defense operation and services to its people

US

maintains the rank as the world’s most powerful military in terms of military spending

SIPRI

source that said US maintains the rank as the world’s most powerful military in terms of military spending

Cold War era

The concept of First World, Second World, and Third World was a construct of the _____.

Soviet Union, US

number of interpretations on the origin of Cold War:

1. The conflict was cause by aggressive behavior and domestic policies of _____ prompting other countries especially the _____ to react.

US economic system of expansionist-capitalism

number of interpretations on the origin of Cold War:

2. The cold war was a result of the _____.

two countries on the power vacuum,

threat of central Europe

number of interpretations on the origin of Cold War:

3. The war was a consequence of security response from the _____ and _____.

United States,

United Kingdom,

Japan,

Western European Countries

4 First World During Cold War

Soviet Union,

China,

Estonia,

Lithuania,

Half of Germany,

Vietnam,

North Korea,

Cuba

8 Second World During Cold War

Neutral and non-aligned countries

Third World During Cold War

First World

Powerful economies having stable governments, robust financial markets, and advanced and modern infrastructures, low poverty, and high standard of living

Second World

The idea of world order is associated with role of political and military power during Cold War.

Second World

The communist countries of the _____ are found to be trapped between poverty and prosperity.

Third World

Countries are described as less developed and developing economy or global south.

Third World

Most of the countries have experience colonialism from Western World.