Macronutrients & Micronutrients Study Guide

Flashcards covering macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and Pinggang Pinoy based on Group 2 presentation slides.

Which group presented the presentation on Macronutrients and Micronutrients?

Group 2

What presentation format was used by Group 2 to present macronutrients and micronutrients?

A skit

How does Healthline (2025) define macronutrients?

Nutrients the body needs in large amounts to function properly

What are the three main macronutrients?

Carbohydrates, protein, and fat

What three types of substances do carbohydrates include?

Fiber, starches, and sugars

What does the body convert carbohydrates into to provide energy to function?

Glucose

Where are complex carbohydrates commonly found?

Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

Which macronutrient is known as a building block of the body?

Protein

What structures in the body does protein help grow, build, maintain, and repair?

Muscles, bones, and tissues

What is another term for fats?

Lipids

How much energy do fats provide per gram?

9 calories per gram

Besides providing energy, what three body functions do fats support?

Nutrient absorption, hormone production, and healthy cells

What does the abbreviation AMDR stand for?

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range

What is the definition of Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)?

An estimate of the range of intake for each macronutrient for individuals

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates?

45-65%

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for protein?

10-35%

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat?

20-35%

How do micronutrients compare to macronutrients in terms of required quantity?

Micronutrients require only a small amount of portion

What are the two types of micronutrients?

Vitamins and Minerals

What are vitamins?

Natural or organic compounds that our bodies need to function but cannot produce on their own

Why must humans get vitamins from the foods they eat?

Because our bodies cannot produce them on their own

What are the two classifications of vitamins?

Fat Soluble and Water Soluble

Where in the body are fat-soluble vitamins stored?

In the body's liver, fatty tissue, and muscle

Which four vitamins are fat-soluble?

Vitamins A, D, E, and K

In the presence of what nutrient are fat-soluble vitamins absorbed more easily?

Dietary fat

Where in the body are water-soluble vitamins stored?

They are not stored in the body

How many water-soluble vitamins are there in total?

Nine water-soluble vitamins

Which vitamins make up the nine water-soluble vitamins?

Vitamin C and all the B vitamins

How many total key vitamins does the body need to function properly?

13 key vitamins

What alternate name is given for Vitamin B1 in the key vitamins list?

thiamine

What alternate name is given for Vitamin B2 in the key vitamins list?

riboflavine

What alternate name is given for Vitamin B3 in the key vitamins list?

niacin

What alternate name is given for Vitamin B6 in the key vitamins list?

pyridoxine

What alternate name is given for Vitamin B5 in the key vitamins list?

biotin

What alternate names are given for Vitamin B7 in the key vitamins list?

folate, folic acid or B9

How are minerals defined in the presentation?

Inorganic elements present in the foods we consume daily

What body functions and structures do daily minerals like calcium, iron, zinc, sodium, and magnesium support?

To build stronger bones and functional brain and heart

What are the two types of minerals?

Macrominerals and Traceminerals

What are macrominerals?

Key minerals consumed in larger amounts

Which specific minerals are listed as macrominerals?

Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfur

What are traceminerals?

Key minerals consumed in smaller amounts

Which specific minerals are listed as traceminerals?

Iron, zinc, iodine, copper, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, and selenium

Which agency defines Pinggang Pinoy as a visual guide for Filipinos?

Department of Science and Technology

What is the purpose of Pinggang Pinoy?

A visual guide for Filipinos to answer how much to eat in one meal in order to be healthy and a quick guide per meal time

What are Grow foods and what are examples of them?

Foods that help and repair the body, support muscle growth, strengthen bones, and keep tissues healthy; examples are egg, fish, lean meats, beans, tofu

What are Go foods and what are examples of them?

The body's main source of energy rich in carbohydrates that fuel brain and body; examples are rice, bread, pasta, sweet potatoes, and cassava

What are Glow foods and what are examples of them?

Foods packed with vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fiber; examples are green leafy vegetables, oranges, papayas, and berries

True or False: Only people who go to the gym need protein.

FALSE

True or False: All fats are considered bad and automatically mean weight gain.

FALSE

True or False: Pinggang Pinoy is basically just a term for Filipino Recipes.

FALSE