zoology exam 2

ontogeny

the development stages of an animal

During the developmental stages of an animal cells ___ into certain lineages or cell lines

differentiate

gametes are what kind of cells? haploid or diploid

haploid

males produce

spermatozoa

females produce

ova

Fertilization occurs when the sperm and egg cells fuse to form a diploid cell called a _.

zygote

After fertilization, the zygote produces body cells by successive rounds of division called ___

cleavage

In __, the cell replicates its DNA within the nucleus, which is then divided so that the same genetic material is found in the resulting daughter cells.

mitosis

 After a few rounds of cleavage, a fluid-filled ball of cells called a ____ is formed.

blastula

During __, one side of the blastula caves in

gastrulation

During gastrulation, one side of the blastula caves in creating an opening called the __

blastopore

The blastopore opens into a cavity called the ___ and the primary germ layers begin to form.

gastrocoel

the blastopore will create the opening that becomes a mouth in ____

protostomes

the blastopore can also create an opening in the anus in these ____

deuterostomes

In Cnidarians (e.g. jelly fish), there are only two germ layers, meaning they are

diploblstic

In most all other animals, three primary germ layers form meaning they are

triploblastic

what are the three primary germ layers

endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm

You discover a radially symmetrical animal in an early developmental stage after gastrulation.  Which of the following would you use to determine if it is an echinoderm or cniderian?

Cniderians are diploblastic and echinoderms are triploblastic

The two major fluid compartments of the metazoan body are

intra cellular space and interstitial space

What kind of characters are typically used in distinguishing protostomes from deuterostomes.

developmental characters

A major function of the cell nucleus is

storing genetic information

The elongated appendages of some animals cells used for propelling substances over the cell surface are,

cilia and flagella

Which of the following is not a step in the general life cycle of a Cniderian?

formation of an anus

A body with pores, canals, and chambers that form a unique system of water current is characteristic of which phylum?

porifora

Cnidarians have no central nervous system but operate using a______.

nerve net

Which of the following is not characteristic of the phylum Porifera?

free swimming Medusa

The phylum_____ exhibits primary radial symmetry and two primary germ layers.

Cnideria

Large size

buffers an animal against

 

provides more protection from predators

 

yeilds more efficient use of metabolic energy

The "belly" surface of most bilaterally symmetrical animals is,

ventral

The absence of a central point or axis around which an animal's body parts are equally distributed is called

asymmetry

radial symmetry is

a type of symmetry where similar body parts are arranged around a central axis, like spokes on a wheel

What is the phylum of this specimen?

cnidaria

Stinging organelles found within cells of the phylum Cnidaria are called_____.

nematocysts

To which phylum does this specimen belong?

profiora

An Earthworm is a member of which group?

Annelida

Which is the correct class for this specimen?

Cephalopoda

What is the phylum for this specimen?

Platyhelminthes

Platyhelminthes is a phylum that consists of______.

flatworms

Which of the following is not grouped in  Annelida?

nematodes

Ink glands in cephalopods are used mainly for,

confusing predators

Which of the following mollusk groups contains snails and slugs? 

gastropoda

Which of the following mollusk groups contains octopus and squid? 

Cephalopoda

Which of the following are included in the class Cephalopoda?

octopuses and squids

Which of the following would be an example of a cestode?

tapeworm

Which group of lophotrochozoan groups has metamerism (segmented bodies)?

annelids

What is the class for these specimens?

Bivalvia

Which of the following mollusc groups contains clams and oysters?

bivalvia

What is the phylum for this specimen?

nematoda

Bees, ants and wasps belong to the insect order,

Hymenoptera

Which is the correct phylum for this specimen?

arthropoda

Ticks are

arthropods

 

mites

 

arachnids

Which is the correct class for this specimen?

arachnida

Spiders have two body segments, the____ and ______.

 

cephalothorax, abdomen

Which of the following are not characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda?

notocord present

Which of the following is in the insect order Hemiptera?

kissing bud

Which of the following is not in the group Arachnida?

crabs

Which phylum has the most recorded species?

arthropoda

The name Urochordata means, 

 

"tail chordates"

sea stars is to

Asteroidea

sea urchins is to

Echinoidea

sea cucumbers is to

Holothuroidea

sea lillies and feather stars is to

Crinoidea

Pharyngeal gill slits are present in which of the following groups?

Hemichordata

 

Chordata

 

Echinodermata

A flexible rod of fluid-filled cells enclosed in a fibrous sheath extending the length of the body is the_____

notocord

Sea squirts (tunicates) are in the group,

urochordata

The phylum name "Echinodermata" means____.

bearer of spiny skin

Which of the following characteristics is found in Echinoderms?

 

calcareous endoskeleton

 

water vascular system

 

nervous system

 

pentaradial symmetry

Echinoderms have a water vascular system consisting of a series of water-filled canals, and extensions called_________.

tube feet

Which of the following is NOT in the Deuterostome group?

annelids

The group of Echinoderms called Asteroidea includes,

sea stars

Order Testudines consists of,

turtles

Which of the following snakes have heat-sensitive pits in their head?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of lampreys?

jaws

What is homodont dentition?

having teeth of similar shape and size

In frogs, the male clasps on to the female in the breeding season, this is called,

amplexus

Which is the correct phylum for this specimen?

chordata

Sharks can locate prey from long distances by sensing low frequency vibrations with which system?

lateral line

In order to produce lift and fly,

the air flows faster over the upper (dorsal) surface

 

the air flows slower under the wing

 

there is more pressure under the wing thatn over the wing

All of the following statements about mammals are true except,

 

only the eutherial mammals produce milk

In mammals, estrus is the time when the animals are,

in heat and mating