Invertebrates Functions of Structures

Foundations of Biology Lab Quiz One

Pedal Disk (Sea Anemone)

Locomotion, “Sticky foot” at base of body allows anemone to firmly anchor to hard surfaces and keep steady in moving water, muscles allow it to loosen grip and slide to swim away from danger

Oral Disk (Sea Anemone)

Feeding/capturing prey, protection, waste removal

Tentacles (Sea Anemone)

Used for capturing prey and defense

Gastrovascular Cavity (Sea Anemone)

Process food, absorb nutrients

Septa (Sea Anemone)

Divides the gastrovascular cavity into sections, provides structural support and increases surface area for digestion

Clitellum (Earthworm)

Secretes mucus, helps form egg capsule/cocoon for fertilization and embryo development

Esophagus (Earthworm)

Digestive system, transit food from pharynx to crop

Crop (Earthworm)

Digestive system, storage organ from esophagus food, controls how fast or slow food moves to gizzard for grinding

Gizzard (Earthworm)

Digestive system, grinds ingested soil/matter/food into fine pieces

Intestine (Earthworm)

Digestive system, takes food from gizzard and absorbs nutrients into bloodstream

Hearts - 5 pairs (Earthworm)

Circulatory system (closed), pump blood between dorsal and ventral blood vessels

Seminal Vesicles (Earthworm)

Foot (Clam)

Locomotion, dig in sand and anchor, move along ocean floor

Visceral mass (Clam)

Digestive AND Reproductive AND Excretory, house and support internal organs like stomach, gonads, digestive glands, processes waste

Mantle (Clam)

Secrete calcium carbonate and organic proteins to form, grow, repair its hard shell

Umbo (Clam)

Starting point for shell growth,

Adductor muscles (Clam)

Gills (Clam)

Heart (Clam)

Circulatory system (open), pump hemolymph through system to distribute oxygen and nutrients to organs and tissues

Cuticle (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Mouth (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Anus (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Male (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Female (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Gonads - Testes or Ovaries (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Intestine (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Digestive system, digest food and absorb nutrients

Epidermis (Roundworm/Ascaris Nematode)

Head (Crayfish)

Thorax (Crayfish)

Abdomen (Crayfish)

Mouth (Crayfish)

Anus (Crayfish)

Swimmerets (Crayfish)

Gills (Crayfish)

Heart (Crayfish)

Circulatory system (open), pump hemolymph to bathe organs and supply oxygen

Stomach w teeth (Crayfish)

Intestine (Crayfish)

Digestive system, transport waste to the anus for elimination

Green glands (Crayfish)

Tube feet (Sea Star)

Madreporite (Sea Star)

Digestive glands (Sea Star)

Radial canal (Sea Star)

Ring canal (Sea Star)

Gonads (Sea Star)

Mouth (Lamprey)

Denticles (Lamprey)

Pineal Organ (Lamprey)

Eyes (Lamprey)

Gill slits (Lamprey)

Lateral Line System (Lamprey)

Dorsal Fins (Lamprey)

Caudal fin (Lamprey)

Liver (Lamprey)

Intestines (Lamprey)

Digestive system, nutrient digestion and absorbtion AND osmoregulation

Heart (Lamprey)

Circulatory system (closed), pump deoxygenated blood to be oxygenated in the gills before it travels to rest of body

Gills (Lamprey)

Notochord (Lamprey)

Rostrum (shark)

Mouth (shark)

Eyes (shark)

Fins (shark)

Lateral line system (shark)

Cloacal opening (shark)

Liver (shark)

Stomach (shark)

Intestine (shark)

Digestive system, Increased Surface Area to slow passage of digestive food and maximize nutrient absorbtion

Pancreas (shark)

Gonads (shark)

Heart (shark)

Circulatory system (closed), pump deoxygenated blood to be oxygenated to the gills before it travels to rest of body

Gills (shark)

Eyes (pig)

Mouth (pig)

Nipples (pig)

Pharynx (pig)

Esophagus (pig)

Glottis (pig)

Epiglottis (pig)

Diaphragm (pig)

Liver (pig)

Gallbladder (pig)

Intestine (pig)

Digestive system, digests food, absorbs nutrients and water, and expels waste

Cecum (pig)

Pancreas (pig)

Spleen (pig)

Lungs (pig)

Respiratory system, exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the inspired air and the bloodstream

Heart (pig)

Circulatory system (closed), Muscular double pump that circulates blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues while removing carbon dioxide and waste

Kidneys (pig)

Excretory system, filter waste products from the blood and maintain water/salt balance (osmoregulation) by producing urine

Ureters (pig)

Bladder (pig)

Gonads (pig)

Mouth (Bullfrog)

Tympanium (Bullfrog)

Eyes (Bullfrog)

Pharynx (Bullfrog)

Glottis (Bullfrog)

Esophagus (Bullfrog)

Lungs (Bullfrog)

Respiratory system, aerial respiration and oxygen uptake during high-energy activity on land

Liver (Bullfrog)

Gall bladder (Bullfrog)

Stomach (Bullfrog)