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Human Anatomy Quiz 15: Channels & Membrane at Rest
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Biology
Anatomy
11th
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37 Terms
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1
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action potential
What is a nerve impulse the same thing as?
2
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membrane potential, specific ion channels
What does the production of nerve impulses depend on?
3
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the separation of ions across the membrane leading to an electrical voltage difference
What is membrane potential?
4
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move down their concentration gradient
What will ions do when ion channels are open?
5
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charge, + towards - and vice versa
What do ions move down this concentration gradient according to? What does that mean?
6
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gates, they open and close in response to a stimulus
What do ion channels act as? What does that mean about their functionality?
7
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leakage channels, voltage gated channels, ligand gated channels, mechanically gated channels
What are the four types of ion channels?
8
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randomly alternate between opened and closed
What do leakage channels do?
9
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K channels
Are there usually more K or Na channels?
10
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K channels
Are K or Na channels leakier?
11
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higher membrane permeability to K
What is the result of the greater likelihood of leakage of K channels?
12
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change in membrane potential (voltage)
What do voltage gated channels open and close in response to?
13
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specific molecules that bind to the channels
What do ligand-gated channels open and close in response to?
14
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neurotransmitter
What is an example of a specific molecule that could bind to a ligand-gated channel, resulting in the opening and closing of it?
15
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mechanical stimulation
What do mechanically gated channels open/close in response to?
16
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vibration, pressure, stretch
What are three examples of mechanical stimulation?
17
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because of build up of negative ions just inside the neuron cell membrane and the positive ions outside
Why does resting membrane potential exist?
18
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potential energy
What is separation of charges a form of?
19
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\-70 mV
What does separation of charges measure about in a typical cell?
20
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K, many anions, phosphates, amino acids
What is the dominant cation inside of the cell? What is also present inside of a cell? Such as?
21
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false
True or False: K cannot leak out of the cell
22
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true
True or False: Anions cannot leak out of the cell
23
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Na
What is the dominant cation outside of the cell?
24
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at rest
When does the inside of a neuron’s membrane have a negative charge?
25
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negative
At rest, what kind of charge does the inside of a neuron’s membrane have?
26
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pump sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell
What does a Na+/K+ pump in a cell membrane do?
27
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potassium
What is the cell membrane more leakier to: sodium or potassium?
28
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inside of the membrane builds up a net negative charge relative to the outside of the membrane
What is a result of potassium ions leaking out of the cell?
29
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when a stimulus causes a ligand or mechanically gated channel to open or close
How do graded potentials arise?
30
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type of ion channel opened
What does the hyperpolarization or depolarization of a membrane depend on?
31
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hyperpolarized
When a membrane becomes more negative it is…
32
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depolarized
When a membrane becomes more positive it is…
33
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they vary in size depending on the strength of the stimulus
Why are signals graded?
34
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more gates to be open
What does a large stimulus cause?
35
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it is localized, it is only useful for communication over short distances
What is significant about ion flow? What does that mean?
36
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ion flow
What is usually present in dendrites?
37
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small potentials are often summed
What occurs at the axon hillock?
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