benzene rxns

add Cl or Br

X2, FeX3 or AlX3

add NO2

HNO3, H2SO4

reduce NO2 to NH2

H2 [Ni] or Fe, HCl, NaOH

add SO3H, reverse, turn to OH

SO3, H2SO4

reverse with heat and H2SO4

turn to OH with NaOH

add alkane

R-Cl, FeCl3 or AlCl3

add carbonyl

acyl chloride and FeCl3 or AlCl3

remove LG with benzyne method

NaNH2

add carboxylic acid

NaOH, CO2, H/H2O

amide to amine

LAH, H/H2O

nitrile to primary amine

NaCN, LAH/H3O

NaN, LAH/H3O

open epoxide ring

NaN3, H2O

LAH, H2O

aryl amine to N =- N

form aryl carbocation

NaNO2, H2SO4

form carbocation with heat, N2

form phenol from aryl amine

NaNO2, H2SO4

H2O, heat

add F from aryl amine

NaNO2, H2SO4

HBF4, heat

Add -Cl, -Br, -CN

1. NaNO2, H2SO4

2. HCl/CuCl, heat or HBr/CuBr, heat or KCN/CuCN, heat

add I

1. NaNO2, HCl

2. KI

Reduce aryl amine to H

NaNO2, HCl

H3PO2