PLNU A&PI: Appendicular Skeleton Upper

Transverse Plane

Plane parallel to the ground, dividing the body into inferior and superior parts

Frontal Plane

Plane perpendicular to the ground that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Coronal Plane

Frontal plane through the head

Sagittal plane

a vertical plane that divides the body into left and right parts

Midsagittal Plane

Sagittal plane located at the midline, dividing body into equal left and right halves

Parasagittal plane

Sagittal planes offset from the midline

Appendicular

limbs and girdles of the body

Appendicular Skeleton

bones of the upper limbs, lower limbs, clavicle, scapula, os coxa

Proximal

on the appendicular skeleton, a structure closer to the point of attachment to the axial skeleton than another structure

Distal

on the appendicular skeleton, a structure further from the point of attachment to the axial skeleton than another structure

Superior

a structure above another

Inferior

a structure below another

Anterior

front of the body

Posterior

back of the body

Ventral

belly

Dorsal

back

Medial

toward the midline of the body

Lateral

away from the midline of the body

Intermediate

between two structures

Superficial

a structure toward or at the surface of the body

Deep

a structure away from the surface of the body

Epicondyle

Raised area on or above a condyle(round/smooth projection at end of bone that helps form a joint)

Crest

narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

Line

narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than crest

Process

prominence or projection

Spine

sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Styloid

slender, pointed process

Trochanter

very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process(projection or prominence)

Tubercle

small, rounded projection or process

Tuberosity

Large, rounded projection, may be roughened

Fossa

shallow, basin-like depression in a bone

Head (general term)

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck (that helps form joints)

Articulation (joint)

Junction of two or more bones

Foramen

Fissure

narrow, slit-like opening

Groove

furrow

Meatus

canal-like passage

Facet

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Ramus

arm-like bar of bone

Suture

immovable fibrous joint, primarily in skull.

Shoulder Girdle bones

Clavicle, Scapula

Structures of the Scapula

Acromion process, Coracoid process, Glenoid cavity, Spine, Supraspinous fossa, Infraspinous fossa, Subscapular fossa

Arm bones

Humerus, Ulna, Radius

Humerus structures

head, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, Deltoid tuberosity, Capitulum, Trochlea, Coronoid fossa, Olecranon fossa, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle

Ulna structures

Olecranon process, coronoid process, trochlear notch, radial notch, styloid process

Radius

Head, radial tuberosity, styloid process

Hand bones

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, metacarpals 1-5, proximal phalanges, intermediate phalanges, distal phalanges

Acromion Process

Glenoid Cavity

Subscapular Fossa

Supraspinous fossa

Infraspinous fossa

Spine (of the scapula)

Coracoid Process

Head

Greater Tubercle

Lesser Tubercle

Deltoid tuberosity

Capitulum

Trochlea

Coronoid fossa

Olecranon fossa

Lateral epicondyle

Medial epicondyle

Trochlear Notch

Olecranon process

Coronoid process

Trochlear notch

Radial notch

Styloid process

Head (radius)

Radial tuberosity

Styloid process (radius)

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetrum

Pisiform

Trapezium

Trapezoid

Capitate

Hamate

Metacarpals 1-5

Proximal phalanges

Intermediate phalanges

Distal phalanges

left scapula

Right scapula

Left humerus

Right humerus

Left Ulna

Right Ulna

Right upper extremity

Right upper extremity (to help you visualize)