CHAPTER 3.0: FACTORS THAT AFFECT ABSORPTION OF DRUGS

IV

None: direct entry into the venous system

IM

1. Perfusion Or blood flow to the muscle

2. Solubility of medication in water absorption is more rapid with high solubilitu

3. Temperature of the muscle: cold causes vasoconstriction and decreases absorption; heat causes vasodilation and increases absorption

SUBQ

1. Perfusiom or blood flow to the tissue

2. Fat content of the tissue

3. Temperature of the muscle: cold causes vasoconstriction and decreases absorption; heat causes vasodilation and increases absorption

Oral

1. Acidity of stomach

2. Length of time in stomach

3. Health of GI tract

4. Blood flow to GI tract

5. Presence of interacting foods or drugs

Rectal or vaginal

1. Perfusion or blood flow to the rectum/ vaginal canal

2. Lesions in tissue or stool on the rectum

3. Length of time retained foe absorption

Mucuos membranes (sublingual, buccal)

1. Perfusion or blood flow to the area

2. Integrity of the mucous membranes

3. Presence of food or smoking

4. Lemgth of time retained in area and correct placement of medication

Topical or intradermal (skin)

1. Perfusion or blood flow to the area

2. Imtegrity of skin and ability for the medication or adhere to skin

3. Adequacy uf SUBQ tissue

Inhalation

1. Perfusion or blood flow to the area

2. Integrity of lung lining

3. Ability ro administer drug properly; inspiratory effort