Cultural, Legal, and Ethical Considerations in Pharmacology

A set of flashcards covering key concepts, terms, and ethical considerations in drug therapy and nursing practice, informed by the lecture notes.

What are the objectives of the chapter on Cultural, Legal, and Ethical Considerations?

1. Discuss cultural factors influencing medication response. 2. Identify cultural phenomena affecting health care. 3. List drugs associated with response variations due to cultural and racial-ethnic factors. 4. Discuss components of drug legislation. 5. Provide examples of the impact of drug legislation on therapy and nursing. 6. Discuss categories of controlled substances. 7. Identify drug development processes. 8. Discuss the nurse’s role in drug development and consent. 9. Discuss ethical principles in pharmacology. 10. Identify ethical decision-making principles. 11. Develop a cultural, legal, and ethical care nursing plan.

What is a black box warning?

A warning required by the FDA that alerts prescribers to serious adverse events that may occur with a given drug.

What is the difference between a blinded and a double-blind investigational drug study?

In a blinded study, subjects are unaware if they are getting the actual drug or placebo, while in a double-blind study, neither the subjects nor the investigators know which subjects are receiving the drug or placebo.

Define ethnopharmacology.

The study of the effect of ethnicity on drug responses, including absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of drugs.

What does drug polymorphism refer to?

Variation in response to a drug due to a patient's age, sex, size, and body composition.

What is informed consent?

Written permission obtained from a patient agreeing to participate in a specific procedure or study.

What are controlled substances?

Drugs listed on the schedules of the Controlled Substance Act, categorized by their potential for abuse and medical use.

What is the significance of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?

It protects health insurance coverage for workers when changing jobs and ensures the confidentiality of patient information.

What is the nurse's role in the informed consent process?

To ensure that the patient understands the study's purpose, procedures, benefits, and risks before signing the consent form.

List the ethical principles important in nursing practice.

Autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and veracity.

What are the main components of drug legislation?

Regulations that ensure drug safety, efficacy, and the legal scope for prescribing medications, protecting consumers from unsafe drugs.

How does ethnicity affect drug response?

Ethnic differences can result in varying responses and pharmacokinetics of drugs, necessitating adjustments in dosage.

What is the purpose of the Controlled Substance Act?

To schedule drugs based on their potential for abuse and legal medical use, providing guidelines for their administration.

What is the nurse practice act?

State laws that define the scope of nursing practice to protect public health and safety.

How can cultural beliefs impact patient medication adherence?

Cultural beliefs may influence how patients respond to medications, their openness to traditional remedies, and their expectations regarding treatment.

What are orphan drugs?

Drugs identified to treat patients with rare diseases.

What is the significance of the FDA's emergency use authorization (EUA)?

It allows for the distribution and use of drugs or vaccines that show promise in treating life-threatening diseases during public health emergencies.

What are some common barriers to healthcare among culturally diverse populations?

Language barriers, poverty, access to healthcare, cultural beliefs regarding medical practices, and stigma.