Basic Nurse Aide Unit 2 Study Guide

Define medical asepsis; surgical asepsis

**the act of preforming accurate clean techniques in order to reduce amount of microbes spread from one person to another** 

requirements of microbes to live and grow

**water, nourishment, oxygen, warm environment, darkness**

What is a non-pathogen 

**non-pathogen: microbes that don't cause infection**

What is a pathogen

**pathogen: harmful microbe**

How does a NA demonstrate standard precautions? 

**hand hygiene**

**PPE**

**proper disposal of contaminated supplies**

What is the easiest way to prevent infections from spreading? 

**preforming the right acts of precautions**

**washing hands**

Define Bloodborne Pathogens

**diseases that can be spread through the contact of blood**

What is proper gloving procedure?

**hand hygiene, gloves on, check for tears**

What is done if gloves are torn?

**if torn take off and try again**

Identify basic methods of bedmaking

**closed bed (not in use)**

**open bed (in use)**

**occupied bed (person in it)**

**surgical bed (transfer a patient or arrive by ambulance)**

care of clean linens

**hold linens away from uniform**

**NEVER shake linens**

**place on clean surface**

care of dirty linens

**remove dirty linen one piece at a time**

**roll each piece away from you**

**change wet damp or soiled linens right away**

role of NA in maintaining a safe environment for patients in falls, skin injury, burns

**make sure the patient feels safe**

**decrease the person risk of accidents and injuries without limiting mobility and independence**

What is the MSDS?

**Material safety data sheet** 

**tells how to deal with things**

What should you do before cleaning up a hazardous substance?

**wear the appropriate PPE**

RACE

**R rescue**

**A alarm**

**C confine**

**E extinguish**

PASS

**P pull the pin**

**A aim**

**S squeeze**

**S sweep**

How can the NA prevent patient falls?

**using bed rails, hand rails, and gait belts**

**keeping halls and rooms clean**

If the patient starts to fall what should the NA do?

**make sure the patient falls butt first and protect head**

What is the responsibility of the NA if an accident or injury occurs? 

**Report incidents ASAP and make sure resident is safe**

What is the purpose of Risk Management Teams?

**viewing recent incidents and coming up with solutions** 

What is an Incident Report?

**explains the incident**

When is an Incident Report done?

**completed ASAP**

List the different restraint alternatives

**Rolls** 

**Slanted Cushion**

**One-on-one**

**15 Min chacks**

**Pad alarm (bed or chair)**

**Personal Alarms**

How often do we need to check a person with a restraint

**15 minute check ins**

 how often do we need to remove the restraint to provide basic needs?

**every two hours or as often as noted in care plan**

When do we use a transfer belt or gait belt? 

**to support patients and residents during trnasfers**

**reposition persons in chair and wheelchairs**

When transferring a patient they always should have a **_____** and **_____**

gait belt and socks or shoes

Which side do you transfer to when someone has an “affected” or weak side when using a cane; a walker

**the side without the cane; the weak side**

When ambulating a person where does the NA stand?

**on the side or the weakest point** 

What is friction?

**rubbing of one surfaces against another**

What is shearing?

**when the skin sticks to a surface while muscles slide in direction the body is moving**

measures to prevent friction and shearing

 **rolling the person, Using friction-reducing devices**

How does body mechanics apply to the NA?

**being able to lift something efficiently**

List factors that put an aide at risk for back injuries

**not using proper body mechanics**

**lifting heavy objects**

Good body mechanics involves 

**Bend from the knees not the waist**

**hold items close to body** 

**squat to lift a heavy object**

What are the triggers for using a mechanical lift

 **cannot help themselves, too heavy for staff to transfer**

What are the regulations for using a mechanical lift

**MUST BE TRAINED, it must work, must be in good repair, must not exceed lift capacity, at least two staff members**

Dangling

**sitting on the side of the bed**

**LOGROLLING**

**turning the person as a unit**

**NORMAL BODY ALIGNMENT**

**arms at one's side, palms directed forward, and feet pointed forward and slightly apart**

**FLOAT HEELS**

**patients heels should be off bed removing any contact**

How often is a patient repositioned? 

**every two hours**

What are the different bed positions? 

Fowler’s Position

High Fowler’s Position

Reverse Trendelenburg

Semi-Fowler’s Position

Trendelenburg’s Position

Define the guidelines for ROM 

**usually done 2 times/day**

**persons on bedrest need more**

Define terminology related to ROM

**PASSIVE: Someone moves the joints**

**ACTIVE: by the person**

**ACTIVE-PASSIVE: Person exercises with help**

**CONTRACTURE**

**decreased motion and stiffness of muscle**

**ATROPHY**

 **wasting away**

**FOOT DROP**

**foot falls down at the ankle**

What position should you position the person in when making an occupied bed? 

**Keep person in good alignment**

what can’t you do with spills?

leave them unattended