Woods & Plastics in Building System Design

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to woods and plastics as discussed in the Building System Design course.

What is wood primarily used for in architecture and civil engineering?

Wood is used for structural applications like framing, beams, load-bearing elements, and for aesthetic and functional design in interiors and furniture.

What are the characteristics of softwood?

Softwood is wood from coniferous trees, generally lightweight, easy to work with, and absorbs finishes well.

Give two examples of hardwood.

Oak and Mahogany.

What is heartwood?

The outer, living part of the tree that transports water and nutrients, lighter in color, and less durable than sapwood.

Define sapwood.

The inner, non-living core of the tree that is denser, more resistant to decay, and provides structural strength.

What is the significance of the cambium layer in trees?

It is a pipeline for transporting food and allows the tree to grow taller and larger.

Describe the term 'knots' in wood defects.

Knots are branch bases that have become incorporated into the wood of the tree trunk or another limb.

What is plain sawing?

The most common method of cutting logs parallel to the growth rings, producing wide grain patterns but is more prone to warping.

What is the main difference between softwood lumber and hardwood lumber?

Softwood lumber comes from coniferous trees and is commonly used in framing, while hardwood lumber comes from deciduous trees and is used for flooring and furniture.

What are some common uses of glue laminate (glulam) lumber?

It serves as the primary material for significant load-bearing structures such as bridges, canopies, and pavilions.

What is the disadvantage of laminates compared to natural materials?

Laminates can be vulnerable to water and heat damage and generally have a shorter lifespan.

What are thermoplastics?

Thermoplastics are versatile materials that can be heated, reshaped, and reused multiple times.

What is the benefit of using water-borne wood preservatives?

They are non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and provide long-term protection against decay, insects, and moisture.

What are the advantages of using wood composites?

They offer increased weather resistance, durability, and can mimic the appearance and texture of natural wood.