industrialization Age of jackson

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Supreme Court case that ruled the Federal government has the power to set up National Banks and that states may NOT tax Federal institutions. Gave Fed gov't power over states

Gibbons vs. Ogden

Heard by John Marshall. Had to do with ferryboats crossing between NY & NJ. Said Fed government has power over trade between states. Helped economy grow

Missouri Compromise of 1820

Henry Clay. Kept the balance of power in Congress between slave states and free states by keeping slavery below the 36x30 line. No slavery allowed in new territories above the line. Helped with sectional tensions temporarily

Effect of War of 1812

Manufactured goods being brought from Britain went down and America began manufacturing more of the goods needed

Era of Good Feelings

Time after War of 1812 when Americans felt strong support for America-Nationalism

Free Enterprise

Economic system where prices are determined by the seller and buyers decide what they want to purchase. Government is not supposed to control trade (businesses). Leds to economic freedom & competition between businesses

Impact of advances in industrial technologies

Better, more efficient ways to produce items, increased competition, drove down prices

Cause of American industrialization

New ways to transport goods, capitalists with money to invest, large immigrant population to work factories

Steam Boat

Made it possible to transport goods cheaper, faster and easier

Impact of Supreme Court decisions under John Marshall

Established precedent that federal laws were supreme over state laws. Strengthened power of federal government

Cotton Gin

A machine that made raw cotton easier to clean and process. Eli Whitney invented. Boosted the demand for more cotton which led to increased demand for slaves

Erie Canal

Man made river built in New York. Lowered the cost of shipping goods and helped cities grow in Northeast. Connected areas of trade & production

Interchangeable Parts

Idea by Eli Whitney. Identical pieces that could be assembled quickly by unskilled workers. Led to increase in manufacturing

John Deere

invented the steel plow that helped farmers in the west better than previous iron plows

National Road

1st all weather over land track that helped grow westward expansion and the moving of goods. Improved transportation & helped expand trade & settlements

Early President's attempts to stay out of Europe's wars

Proclamation of Neutrality, Embargo Act & Monroe Doctrine

Worcester vs Georgia

Supreme Court Case under John Marshall that stated a state can't overrule a Federal treaty with the Cherokee. Native Americans were to follow Federal law, not state laws. Jackson chose to ignore the ruling which led to the Trail of Tears

Nullification Crisis

Started from idea state can overturn a Fed law. Jackson said that states are not allowed to ignore Federal laws. The Constitution doesn't allow for that.

Trail of Tears

Relocation of Native Americans to OK. This action was taken to open up agricultural land & get access to natural resources. Many Natives became sick & died along the way

Whig Party

Political group of people who didn't like the policies of Andrew Jackson. Said he acted like a King or dictator

Indian Removal Act

Allowed white settlers to take Native American land to grow cotton

2nd National Bank

Andrew Jackson ignored McCulloch v Maryland and chose to destroy this by vetoing their charter

Steam Engine

Allowed for industrial development. Factories could be built anywhere. Didn't need rivers for power. Transportation was faster and cheaper

Rivers

Factories needed water to power their machinery before the steam engine

Age of Jackson

Period that included "spoils system", "Old Hickory", "Common Man", Tariff of Abominations, Nullification Crisis

Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)

Tax on imported goods that South hated because made manufactured goods more expensive and hurt their economy. Led to Nullification Crisis

American System

Proposed by Henry Clay. Gov build transportation networks of roads, canals, railroads & bridges to help expand free enterprise throughout country