Core Counseling Attributes and Clinical Concepts Flashcards

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering core counseling attributes, racism levels, transference, ego analysis, effects of divorce, and empathy based on the lecture transcript.

Racism is a system of power and privilege that may be manifested in attitudes, behaviors, and/or institutional structures based on people's __________.

skin color

The three levels of racism include institutional racism, __________, and internalized racism.

personally mediated

Institutional racism involves the denial or restriction of __________ conditions and access to __________ for members of minority groups.

material; power

Personally mediated racism involves __________ and __________ at the individual level.

prejudice; discrimination

Internalized racism involves acceptance by members of stigmatized races of negative messages about their own __________ and intrinsic __________.

abilities; worth

Genuineness is conveyed by being open, nondefensive, and __________.

spontaneous

Genuineness involves matching one's __________ and __________.

words; actions

Genuineness also involves making statements that are consistent with one's __________ and __________.

thoughts; feelings

Transference is a projection, displacement, and repetition of reactions to a significant person from the client's __________.

past

Positive transference involves the transfer of __________ feelings, while negative transference involves the transfer of __________ feelings.

affectionate; hostile

Freud considered transference to be a form of __________ and the cornerstone of psychoanalysis.

resistance

While Freud viewed transference as a __________, some modern experts view it as a client's response to the therapist's actual behavior.

distortion

Ego Analysis assumes that personality develops throughout the __________.

lifespan

Ego Analysis describes two types of ego functions: __________ functions and __________ functions.

ego defensive; ego autonomous

Ego defensive functions are similar to Freud's __________ mechanisms.

defense

Ego autonomous functions consist of adaptive, conflict-free functions such as speech, memory, and __________.

perception

In Ego Analysis, pathology occurs when the ego loses its autonomy from the __________ or from __________.

id; reality

Preschool children exhibit the most problems __________ after divorce.

immediately

Long-term consequences of divorce may be worse for children who were in __________ school at the time of divorce.

elementary

A __________ refers to girls developing symptoms of divorce-related distress during adolescence.

sleeper effect

Overall, children tend to do best when they reside with the __________ parent.

same-sex

Negative effects of divorce are reduced when __________ between parents is minimized.

conflict

__________ refers to appropriate mistrust and suspiciousness of African-Americans toward whites resulting from racism and oppression.

Cultural Paranoia

Cultural Paranoia may contribute to client __________ in a therapy setting.

nondisclosure

Empathy is the ability to perceive, understand, and experience the __________ state of another person.

emotional

Empathic responding is used throughout the helping process to develop __________.

rapport

Fundamental to empathic responding is reflecting understanding and acceptance of the client's expressed feelings and underlying __________.

emotions

Empathy can be conveyed through both __________ and __________ communication.

verbal; nonverbal