Adaptive Immune Response

Flashcards for reviewing key concepts regarding the adaptive immune response, its mechanisms, properties, and cell types involved.

What is adaptive immunity?

A type of immunity that develops when a person’s immune system responds to a foreign substance or microorganism, leading to long-lasting defense.

What are the properties of adaptive immunity?

Specificity, memory, and self-tolerance.

What types of cells are involved in the adaptive immune response?

B and T lymphocytes.

What is the primary function of T cells?

To regulate the immune response and directly kill infected cells.

How do B cells contribute to the immune response?

By producing antibodies that bind to extracellular pathogens.

What is clonal selection in adaptive immunity?

The process by which antigen-specific lymphocytes are selected for proliferation and differentiation.

What is the difference between primary and secondary antibody responses?

Primary response has a longer lag phase and produces IgM, while secondary response is faster, has higher affinity, and produces mostly IgG.

What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?

They provide faster and more effective responses upon re-exposure to the same antigens.

What are T-dependent and T-independent antigens?

T-dependent antigens require help from T cells for B cell activation; T-independent antigens can activate B cells without T cell help.

What mechanisms does the immune system use against pathogens?

Antigen recognition, activation of immune cells, and antibody production.