3316F Political Parties Midterm

Explain the Idea of Holism

• “Commitment to Unity” - Society should be unified in the most basic fashion

• Divergences are either non-existent, or deeply problematic.

Why Anti-Partism? Explain the Cleavages of Holism

• Religious/Traditional Social Order: everyone has a place in unified society therefore parties are problematic.

• General Will: Social contract, societies have fundamental interests, Rosseau wanted to eradicate particularism.

• The Nation: Attachment to national foundation of the nation

• The State: Threat to common interests of society, Hobbesian idea that we must be protected by the state.

• The “Real People” - Populism: Idea that we have to protect the people that matter in society- the Avg person (can exclude elites, immigrants etc.)

Explain how the Party is inherently Factional.

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