Computer Science

Directives

special commands that instruct the preprocessor to manipulate or prepare the source code before actual compilation begins.

comments

explanatory notes or hints written inside source code

single-line comment

Uses //

multi-line comment

Starts with /* and ends with */

global variable

variable declared outside of any function

function declaration

tells the compiler about a function before the function is actually defined.

main() function

entry point or starting point of a C++ program

Main components:

function definition

contains the actual implementation or logic of a function.

variable

named placeholder/storage location that can store and manipulate a value

Variable Initialization

giving a variable its initial value

Rule 1

Must begin with a letter or underscore

Rule 2

Can contain letters, numbers, and underscores

Rule 3

No spaces

Rule 4

No special characters

Rule 5

Cannot use C++ reserved keywords

Rule 6

C++ is case-sensitive

Rule 7

Use meaningful names

Data Type

integers

whole numbers

char

Individual/single character

std::cout

used to display/output information on the screen

using namespace std;

to remove the “std” in std::cout

endl

moves the output to the next line

\n

replacing the 'endl'

constant

value that cannot be changed after it has been initialized