GaTech, CS1301, Final

Compound Data Type

data type in which the values are made up of components, or elements, that are themselves values

Immutable Type

compound data type whose elements cannot be assigned new values

Slice

part of a string specified by a range of indices

Traverse

to iterate through the elements of a set, performing a similar operation on each

Aliases

multiple variable that contain references to the same object

Clone

to create a new object that has the same value as an existing object. Copying a reference to an object creates an alias but doesn't clone the object

Mutable Type

data type in which the elements can be modified, all mutable types are compound types, list are mutable

Sequence

any data types that consist of an ordered set of elements, with each element identified by an index

File

named entity that contains a stream of characters

Algorithm

general process for solving a category of problems

Block

section of code under the def statement

Boolean Expression

an expression that returns True or False

Conditional Statement

a statement that evaluates some data and does something

Decrement

to decrease by one

Dictionary

collection of key-value pairs that map from keys to values, the keys can be any immutable type, and values can be any type

Element

part of a function

Evaluate

to simplify an expression by performing the operations in order to yield a single value

Exception

runtime error

Float

data type with decimals

Flow of Execution

order in which statements are executed during a program run

Function

a program that returns something

Global Variables

variables defined outside the program

Increment

to increase by one

Integer

python data type that holds whole numbers

Integer Division

operation that divides one integer by another and yields an integer, whole number numbers only

Iteration

to go through a set of code

Keyword

reserved word that is used by compiler to parse program

Lambda

used inside functional programming to create a small function

Local Variable

a variable defined inside a function

Modulo

%, works on integers and yields the remainder

Nested List

a list inside a list

None

special python value returned by function that have no return statement

Operator

special symbol that represents a simple computation like addition

Parameter

name used inside a function to refer to the value passed as an argument

Pixel

the smallest part of a picture

Proprioception

sensors that detect internal state, on your scribbler, getName, time and battery voltage are examples of internal sensors

Recursion

the process of calling a function that is currently executing

Robot

itsa robot

Runtime Error

an error that occurs when the program is run

Semantic Error

when the program runs correctly but doesn't do the intended function

Sequence

any of the data types that consist of an ordered set of elements, with each element identified by an index

Short Circuit Evaluation-

stuff

String

immutable data type

Syntax Error

error in a program that makes it impossible to parse

Type Conversion

to change data from one type to another

Variable

any unknown

Compound Data Type

data type in which the values are made up of components, or elements, that are themselves values

Default Value

value given to an optional parameter if no argument for it is provided in the function call

Docstring

string constant on the first line of a function or module definition

Dot Notation

use of the dot operator (.) to access functions inside a module

Immutable

compound data type whose elements cannot be assigned new values

Index

variable or value used to select a member of an ordered set, such as a character from a string

Optional Parameter

parameter written in a function header with an assignment to a default value which it will receive if no corresponding argument is given for it in the function call

Slice

a part of a string specified by a range of indices.

Traverse

to iterate through the elements of a set, performing a similar operation on each

Whitespace

any of the characters that move the cursor without printing visible characters

Aliases

multiple variable that contain references to the same object

Clone

to create a new object that has the same value as an existing object. Copying a reference to an object creates an alias but doesn't clone the object

Delimiter

character or string used to indicate where a string should be split

Element

one of the values in a list. The bracket operator selects elements of a list

Index

integer variable or value that indicates an element of a list

List

named collection of objects where each object is identified by and index

List Traversal

sequential accessing of each element list

Modifier

a function which changes its arguments inside the function body. Only mutable types can be changed by modifiers

Mutable Type

data type in which the elements can be modified, all mutable types are compound types, List are mutable data types; strings are not

Nested List

list that is an element of another list

Object

thing to which a variable can refer

Pure Function

function which has no side effects, pure functions only make changes to the calling program through their return values

Sequence

any of the data types that consist of an ordered set of elements, with each element identified by an index

Side Effect

change in the state of a program made by calling a function that is not a result of reading the return value from the function. Side effects can only be produced by modifiers

Test-Driven Development

software development practice which arrives at a desired feature through a series of small, iterative steps motivated by automated tests which are written first that express increasing refinements of the desired feature

Argv

short for argument vector and is a variable in the sys module which stores a list of command line arguments passed to a program at run time

Attribute

variable defined inside a module, accessed by using the dot operator (.)

Command Line

sequence of characters read into the command interpreter in a command line interface

Command Line Argument

a value passed to a program along with the program's invocation at the command prompt of a command line interface

Command Prompt

a string displayed by a command line interface indicating that commands can be entered

Continue Statement

statement that causes the current iteration of a loop to end. The flow of execution goes to the top of the loop, evaluates the condition, and proceeds accordingly

Delimiter

a sequence of one or more characters used to specify the boundary between separate parts of text

Directory

a named collection of files, also called a folder

Dot Operator

(.) permits access to attributes and functions of a module

File

a named entity, that contains a stream of characters

File System

method for naming , accessing, and organizing files and the data they contain

Import Statement

statement which make the objects contained in a module available for use within another module

Jython

implementation of the python programming language written in java

Method

function like attribute of an object are called using dot operator

Mode

distinct method of operation within a computer program

Module

file containing Python definitions and statements intended for use in other python programs

Namespace

syntactic container providing a context for names so that the same name can reside in different namespaces without ambiguity

Naming Collision

situation in which two or more names in a given namespace cannot be unambiguously resolved

Non-volatile Memory

memory that can maintain its state without power, hard drives, flashdrives

Path

name and location of a file within a file system

Pydoc

documentation generator that comes with the python standard library

Standard Library

collection of software used as tools in the development of other software

Text File

file that contains printable characters organized into lines separated by newline characters

Volatile Memory

memory which requires an electrical current to maintain state. The main memory or Ram of a computer is volatile.

Tuple

data type that contains a sequence of elements of any type, like a list, but is immutable. Tuples can be used wherever an immutable type is required, such as a key in a dictionary

Tuple Assignment

an assignment to all of the elements in a tuple using a single assignment statement, tuple assignment occurs in parallel rather than in sequence, making it useful for swapping values

Algorithm

general process for solving a category of problems

Bug

an error

Byte code

intermediate language between source code and object code