College Bio Final - 12 Bacterial Pathogens

Corynebacterium Diphtheriae

Causes diphtheria, a disease affecting the throat and nose membranes. The diphtheria vaccine was developed in the late 1800s, with the first successful vaccine introduced in 1923.

Gram-positive bacilli

Rod-shaped bacteria that retain a violet stain during Gram staining.

Diphtheria Transmission

Transmitted by touching infected wounds, handling infected items, or airborne droplets.

Skin Diphtheria

Affects skin with ulcers, pain, redness, and swelling.

Treponema Pallidum

Causes syphilis, affecting the genitals. Can be treated with penicillin.

Gram-negative spirilli

Spiral-shaped bacteria that do not retain the violet stain during Gram staining.

Syphilis Transmission

Spread by sexual contact, blood transfusion, or pregnancy.

Bacillus Anthracis

Causes anthrax, affecting the lungs, skin, stomach, and intestines.

Klebsiella Pneumonia

Causes pneumonia and affects the lungs.

Legionella Pneumophila

Causes Legionnaires' disease, affecting the respiratory system.

Clostridium Tetani

Causes tetanus, a disease that affects muscles.

Mycobacterium Leprae

Causes leprosy, affecting the skin, nerves, eyes, and nose.

Typhoid Fever

Caused by Salmonella Typhi, affects the intestines. There is a vaccine available.

Yersinia Enterocolitica

Causes the bubonic plague, affecting the lymph nodes.

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

Causes gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease.

Shigella Dysenteriae

Causes bacillary dysentery, affecting the digestive system.

Cholera Treatment

Includes fluid replacement, antibiotics (doxycycline), and vaccines.

Pneumonia Treatment

Primarily treated with antibiotics; resistance has developed in some strains.

Anthrax Transmission

Spread through inhalation, ingestion, or contact with contaminated materials.

Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak

Originated from a convention in Pennsylvania in 1976, affecting 221 people.

Leprosy Treatment

Treatable with multi-drug therapy.

Bubonic Plague Transmission

Caused by bites from infected fleas and contact with infected animals.

Gonorrhea Symptoms

Includes painful urination and greenish discharge of pus.

Dysentery Causes

Commonly caused by bacterial infection due to poor hygiene.