Commercial pilot study guide

Common carriage

Common transport of cargo or passengers as a result of advertising

Private carriage

Private transport of cargo or passengers to a select few customers

Limitations on commercial license without IFR rating

Can't carry passengers on next XC flights or 50 nautical miles or at night

What must you have in your possession to be A PIC

Photo ID, valid certificate, current medical

How many days do you have to notify FAA of change in permanent address

30 days

If certificate is lost, Destroyed, what would you need to do to be able to fly?

An app for replacement is made by letter of the department of transportation, FAA, and you may obtain a F a X from the FAA confirming that it was issued. The fax can be the certificate for 60 days pending receipt of new certification

To be PIC in high performance, what flight experience must be met?

Logged at ground and flight training and high performance aircraft of simulator, and received endorsement in logbook

To be PIC in pressurized aircraft, what requirements must be met?

Logged ground and flight training, and an endorsement

To be PIC in a tailwheel aircraft, what requirements must be met?

Logged flight training, and an endorsement

When I type ratings required?

Larger aircraft (gross weight over 12.5 k) except lighter than air, Turbo jet airplanes other aircraft specified by FAA

When can you log second in command?

When the aircraft requires two pilots, and you are qualified for the SIC requirements, and you have all the ratings for the aircraft

When can you log Night flights?

Between the end of civil twilight, and beginning of morning civil twilight, as published in the American air almanac

What are the requirements to be kind as a COMM. Pilot?

Biannual, to carry passengers takeoffs and landings within the past 90 days if the flight is at night, they must be done at night 2A., in the same category class, and type

What medical certification is required for commercial pilots? What is the that duration?

A second class medical is required to exercise commercial pilot privileges. The duration is 12 calendar months

Is a commercial pilot required to log all flight time?

No, only the ones used to meet requirements for a certificate or currency.

Which document is required to be displayed to both passengers and crew?

The air worthiness certificate or special flight authorization must be displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance.

How can you tell if your aircraft has a mode C transponder?

Reference current weight and balance equipment list

Limits for normal, utility category

Normal equals +3.8 point eight Gs

Utility equals +4.4 Gs

Our airplane flight manuals AFM required to be on board all aircraft?

Yes, or if applicable, Any combination of approved manual, markings, and placards

What are special flight permits, and when are they necessary? How do you obtain?

When aircraft does not meet air worthiness requirements, but it's safe for specific flight. Example flying to a base for repairs, delivering aircraft, evacuating aircraft, it can be obtained from the FSDO

Common carriage definition

Refers to carriage it out person or property as a result of: 1. holding out or A willingness to

2. from place to place

3. for compensation

Holding out

Implies offering the public the carriage of persons or property for hire by: signs or ads, sales persons or agents, gaining a reputation to serve all even if it is not successful, even if it's certain types of people, it is still common carriage

Private carriage

Carrying persons or property for a select clientele without holding out, has few select a long-term customers, Number of customers must be small, or it can imply willingness to contract anybody

Examples of private carriage

Carriage of operators own employees. Carriage of members of club. Carriage where the customer seeks out the operator and enters into a contract.

What is the definition of high-performance aircraft?

It has an engine with more than 200 hp

When can you fly with Inoperative equipment?

Either on the Mel or not to required or it is placarded

What must be done when a piece of equipment is changed?

Change the Weight and balance and equipment list

How long does an airworthiness certificate remain valid?

As long as the maintenance is performed and the aircraft is registered in the US

What are required maintenance on aircraft? What can be substituted?

Annual

The 100 hour inspection only needs to be done if aircraft is for hire

Annual inspection is acceptable as 100 hour inspection also

When can an aircraft exceed 100 hours before inspection?

facility, an aircraft can fire up to 10 hours past 100 hour limit. The access time is counted as time toward the next 100 hour.

What is preventative maintenance? Who can perform it?

Like oil change. Wheel bearing lubrication. Hydraulic fluid refill.

It can be done by certified pilot with at least a private pilot certificate, and the aircraft is not in use for air carrier operations.

What are airworthiness directives?

Use by the F AAA to notify aircraft owners of unsafe conditions. They can be emergency in nature or require compliance within a longer period of time

How are flight controls operated?

Rod or cable system

What do the flaps do?

Increase lift and drag, permits slower airspeed at steeper angles of dissent, and may shorten take off distances

Describe a typical wing flap system

The Cessna has a single slot type flap system which extends at 10/20/30 degree intervals. A 15 amp push to reset circuit breaker protects the flap circuit

Spoilers

The upper area of the wing, which caused the ring to slow down in flight as well as on the ground when lifted up

What are some speeds that are not marked on the face of the air speed indicator?

Maneuvering speed Va

Landing gear operating speed VIo

Landing gear extended speed VIe

How does the VSI work?

There is an aneroid inside a case, both are vented through the static source. But that case has a smaller holes so that it changes slower than Android. As the android expands and contracts, it moves the lovers.

What are the hydraulic equipment?

Free Re-tractable landing gear.

Emergency hand pump extends gear in case of hydraulic failure

Hydraulically actually break on each main gear

The air/Oil nose gear shock strut

What provides power to landing gear?

Electrically driven hydraulic Power pack, located behind the firewall between the pilots and copilots rudders

How is the gear locked in the down position?

Mechanical Down locks

How is a landing gear locked in the up position?

Positive up pressure is maintained by the hydraulic power Pack about 1000 to 1500 pounds per square inch

Is accidental gear retraction prevented on the ground?

Pressure on the nosewheel electronically prevents operation of landing gear system.

What type of landing gear warning system is used?

If the manifold pressure is reduced to less than 12 inches at low altitude, with the master switch on and gear up, there will be a warning sound.

What is the time needed for landing gear operation?

Five to seven seconds

Can the hand operated pump retract landing gear?

No

What are turbochargers?

They compress thin air and provide pressurized air to the engine, AndyAnd a turbine is driven by exhaust gases of the Engine to drive the compressor.

cowl flaps

Slots located on the engine cowling covering of engine to allow the pilot to control the operating temperature of the engine by regulating the amount of air circulating within the engine compartment

When are cowl flaps used?

Normally, Cowell flaps are open during starting of engine, taxiing, take off and high-powered climb. They are closed during the sentence, Approaches and engine out practice.

Service ceiling

Altitude at which the aircraft maximum rate of climb would be no more than 100 ft./m

Climb propeller

Low pitch

Less drag

Higher RPM, so more horsepower

Increase performance during take off and climb, but decreases during cruise.

Variable pitch prop

The angle of blades to maintain Constant engine RPM as you climb and descend

Detonation

Explosion of fuel in cylinder instead of burning smoothly caused by high power settings, hey can lead to failure of piston, cylinder, valves, overheat engine, roughness, or loss of power.

Dangers of decompression

Hypoxia, being blown out of airplane Sickness the Benz, exposure to wind up last an extreme cold

Are there backups to vacuum systems?

Some aircraft have electrical vacuum pump backup, and some have it parallel vacuum system

Procedure for resetting circuit breaker

Allow it to cool for two minutes after it pops out, then reset it. If it pops out again, do not reset again.

Induced drag

By the production of lift, and decreases with airspeed

Absolute ceiling

Where climb is no longer possible

How to lean mixture?

Lean it until power peaks, then slowly continue too lenient until engine runs rough, then enrich for a smooth engine

Traffic pattern altitude in class D for large or turbine Howard aircraft

1500 feet

When hey Control Tower in class D closes, what happens to the tower limit of controlled airspace?

It becomes class E at 700 feet