Anatomy Chapter 1

Function of the Integumentary System

Forms the external body covering. Protects deeper tissues from injury, provides temperature control, synthesizes vitamin D, and contains sensory receptors

Organs in the Integumentary system

Skin (epidermis and dermis), hair follicles, nails, sweat glands, oil glands

Function of the Skeletal System

Provides protection and support for body organs. It offers a framework for muscles to attach to for movement, stores minerals, and produces blood cells

Organs in the Skeletal System

Bones, cartilages, ligaments, joints

Function of the Muscular system

Produces motion, maintains posture, and generates heat

Organs in the Muscular system

Skeletal muscles, and tendons

Functions of the Nervous System

The body’s fast-acting control system. It responds to internal and external stimuli by activating muscles and glands. It coordinates the other organ systems

Organs in the Nervous system

Brain, Spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors

Endocrine System

Regulates processes like growth, reproduction, and metabolism by secreting hormones. It provides slower, long-term control than the nervous system.

Organs in the Endocrine System

Glands like the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, and ovaries (in females). testes (in males), pineal gland.

Functions of the Cardiovascular System

It transports materials throughout the body via the blood. These materials include oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste

Organs of the Cardiovascular System

Heart, Blood, vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries)

Functions of the Lymphatic/Immune System

Returns leaked fluids to the blood. It houses white blood cells that provide defense against pathogens and disease

Organ in the Lymphatic System

Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, and lymphoid tissue

Functions of the Respiratory System

Keeps the blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. Gas exchange occurs between the air and blood in the lungs

Organs in the Respiratory System

Nasal Cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Functions of the Digestive System

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. It eliminates indigestible foodstuffs as feces

Organs in the Digestive System

Gastrointestinal tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum) and accessory organs (teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas)

Functions of the Urinary System

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes (like urea) from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood

Organs in the Urinary System

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Function of the Reproductive System

To produce offspring.

Males: Produce and deliver sperm

Female: Produces eggs, supports embryonic and fetal development, and gives birth

Organs of the Reproductive System

Males: Testes, Scrotum, penis, accessory glands, duct system

Females: Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands