Russia under Tsarism

These flashcards cover key figures, concepts, events, and ideologies associated with the Tsarist regime in Russia, focusing on the political landscape leading up to and during the 1905 Revolution.

Alexander II

The Great Reformer of Tsarist Russia.

Alexander III

The Great Repressor, known for tightening autocratic rule.

Okhrana

Political police force that repressed opposition to the Tsar.

Capitalism

Economic system where the bourgeoisie oppresses and exploits the proletariat.

Bourgeois

Upper-class factory owning capitalists.

Proletariat

Working class, particularly industrial workers.

Intelligentsia

A social class of intellectuals who sought socialist reforms.

Iskra

A communist newsletter founded by Lenin aimed at radicalizing people.

Bolsheviks

The faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party that supported Lenin's uncompromising ideas.

Mensheviks

The faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party that supported moderate reforms.

Russo-Japanese War

A conflict where Russia fought Japan, illustrating the incompetence of Tsar Nicholas II.

Bloody Sunday

The violent response to a peaceful protest in January 1905, leading to widespread outrage.

Potemkin Mutiny

Sailors' uprising against oppressive officers, reflecting military unrest.

Soviets

Local councils formed by workers and Marxists to coordinate strikes.

October Manifesto

A document that granted limited reforms and shared power with the Duma.

Fundamental Laws

Laws confirming Oct. Manifesto while preserving the Tsar's autocratic powers.

Social Revolutionary Party (SRs)

Political party that aimed to represent 'The People' against tsarism.

Left SRs

The faction favoring terrorism and violent tactics to achieve goals.

Right SRs

The faction preferring moderate reforms and cooperation with workers.