Exam 1 Review: Poultry Science

What is the Phylum of Poultry?

Chordata

What is the Subphylum of poultry?

Vertebrata

What is the Class of poultry?

Aves

What is the Order of Poultry?

Galliformes

What is the Suborder of Poultry?

Galli

What is the Family of chickens?

Phasianidae

What is the family of turkeys?

Meleagrididae

What is the Genus of chickens?

Gallus

What is the Genus of turkeys?

Meleagris

What is the Species of chickens?

domesticus

What is the Species of turkeys?

gallopavo

Binomial nomenclature of chickens

Gallus domesticus

Binomial nomenclature of turkeys

Meleagris gallopavo

True or false: Poultry is a term that includes a wide variety of domestic birds of several species, and it refers to them whether they are alive or dressed.

True

True or false: Ducks and geese are the important commercial species, while chickens are turkeys are at a much lesser degree.

False

The Poultry industry is large, with a combined gross annual income of almost $_______ billion.

80

What percentage does poultry account for in animal agricultural share of all U.S. farm cash receipts?

23%

The poultry industry is the ________-largest sector of animal agriculture.

Answer choices: First, Second, or Third

Second

What are the three major segments of the poultry industry?

Broilers, Eggs, and Turkeys

Broiler production has steadily increased in the United states since _____.

1975

The U.S. produces ___% of the world’s chicken eggs and ____% of the chicken meat.

9, 22

True or False: The U.S. is the largest poultry-producing country in the world.

True

The U.S. takes second place in chicken egg production. What country is number one?

China

The U.S. produces ____% of the world’s turkey meat and is the largest producer of turkeys in the world.

50

What are the top 5 countries for chicken meat production?

United States, Brazil, China, Russia, and Mexico

What are the top 5 countries for chicken egg production?

China, United States, India, Mexico, and Japan

The egg industry contributes ______ billion eggs annually to the nation’s food supply.

110

____% are consumed as fresh-shell eggs while the remaining _____% are used in manufacturing of products (i.e. cakes, pies, pasta).

68, 32

True or False: Domestic chickens were known in India over 3,400 years ago, and they were present in Egypt and China by 1400 B.C.

True

What is the breed?

Modern chickens descended from it

Binomial Nomenclature: Gallus gallus

Native to Thailand, which is still found in the wild today

Red Junglefowl

What are meat chickens primarily marketed as?

Broilers

How much do broiler chicks weigh when they hatch?

35-45 grams

When are broilers put on the market?

6-8 weeks old

Starters are ___ - ___ weeks old.

1,3

What percentage of Protein Energy do starter birds get?

22-23%

Growers are ____ - ____ weeks old.

4,6

What percentage of Protein Energy do grower birds get?

20%

Finishers are ____ -- ____ weeks old.

6,8

What percentage of Protein Energy do finisher birds get?

18-19%

True or false: The boiler industry is centered in Southern and Southeastern states because of favorable climate, low-cost labor, and demand for the product.

True

The top 5 five states in the U.S. for broiler production are:

Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Mississippi

True or False: Tyson Foods, Pilgrim’s Pride Corporation, Perdue Farms, Sanderson Farms, Koch Foods, Wayne Farms, Mountaire Farms, House of Raeford Farms, and Foster Farms are some of the largest poultry packers.

True

What are the top U.S. states for egg production?

Iowa, Ohio, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Texas

What is the average number of laying hens and pullets in the U.S.?

About _____ billion birds

387

What is the total egg production in the U.S.?

_____ billion

110

True or False: The number of eggs per layer has increased from 227 per hen in 1973 to 269 per hen in 2011.

True

True or False: Most turkey production units grow from 50,000 to 75,000 birds and have approximately three and a half grow-out cycles per year.

True

Large facilities often have a single ______ complex that serves multiple grow-out facilities in turkey production.

Brooding

Turkey hens are marketed between _____ - ____ weeks of age and from _____- ____ lbs.

14,16 and 14,18

Toms are marketed between _____ - ____ weeks of age and from _____ - _____ lbs.

17,20 and 26,32

What are the top U.S. states for turkey production?

Minnesota, North Carolina, Arkansas, Indiana, and Missouri

Which breed of chicken is the most numerous breed in the United States today?

Single Comb White Leghorn

What breeds are crossed to produce sex-linked color differences in day-old chicks?

*The cross of these two varieties is a good producer of large brown eggs.

Rhode Island Red and Barred Plymouth Rock

True or False: Leghorns and their hybrids produce white eggs, while Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire’s, and Barred Plymouth Rocks produce brown eggs.

True

True or False: New Hampshire and White Plymouth Rock are used to develop many of the synthetic lines of meat-type chickens.

True

Which breed of chicken is excellent for meat-production and has good growth and carcass characteristics?

Cornish