Dual Credit Med Term

Or/o, Stomat/o

Mouth

Pharyng/o

Throat (Pharynx)

Esophag/o

Esophagus

Gastr/o

Stomach

Enter/o

Small intestine

Col/o, Colon/o

Large intestine

An/o

Anus, Ring

Rect/o

Rectum, Straight

Proct/o

Anus and Rectum

Hepat/o

Liver

Chol/e

Bile, Gall

Cholecyst/o

Gallbladder

Pancreat/o

Pancreas

-emesis

Vomiting

-lithiasis

Presence of stones

-pepsia

Digest, Swallow

-phagia

Eating, Swallow

Sigmoid

Sigmoid colon

Digestion

Compex foods broken down into nutrients for body to use

Papillae

Small bumps on tongue- contain taste buds

Uvula

Hangs above throat, part of soft palate

Gallbladder

Stores and concentrates bile

Proctologist

Specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus

Regurgitation

Return of swallowed food to the mouth

Flatulence

Passing gas

Dentition

Natural arrangement of teeth in the jaws

Mastication

Chewing

Catabolism

Breaking down of body cells or substances releasing energy + CO2

Rugae

Folds in stomach lining- allows it to increase + decrease in size

Ileum

Last + longest section of the small intestine

Ur/o, Urin/o

Urine, Urinary tract

Prostat/o

Prostate

-cele

Hernia, Swelling, Tumor

Cyst/o

Urinary bladder cyst

Dia-

Through, Complete, Between, Apart

-ectasis

Stretching, Dilation, Enlargement

Glomerul/o

Glomerulus (clusters of capillaries in the nephron)

Lith/o

Stone

-lysis

Break down, Destruction, Separation

Nephr/o

Kidney

-pexy

Surgical fixation

Pyel/o

Renal pelvis

-tripsy

To crush

Ureter/o

Ureter

Urethr/o

Urethra

-uria

Urination, Urine

Hydr/o

Water

Vesic/o

Bladder

Renal cortex

Outer region of kidney

Renal pelvis

Where urine first collects (inside renal cortex)

Renal tubule

Surrounds glomerulus

Renal artery

Where blood enters kidney

Medulla

Inner region of kidney

Nephron

Functional unit of kidney

Ureteral orifices

Where urine drains from ureters into bladder

Urethral meatus

External opening to the urethra

Renal vein

Where blood leaves the kidney to go back into the bloodstream

Urinary bladder

Where urine is stored

Urea

Waste products of protein metabolism

Urine culture and sensitivity

Test to determine UTI and best antibiotics to treat it

Cerebr/o, Encephal/o

Brain

Myel/o

Spinal cord

Neur/o

Nerves

Caus/o

Burning

Concuss/o

Shaken together, Violently agitated

-esthesia

Sensation, Feeling

Esther/o

Feeling, Nervous sensation, Senses of perception

-mania

Abnormally elevated mental state

Mening/o

Membrane, Meninges

Phobia

Fear

Psych/o

Mind

Radicul/o

Root

-tropic

Having an affinity for

Plexus

Network of intersecting spinal nerves

Cranial nerves

12 pairs extended from the brain

Peripheral spinal nerves

31 pairs extended out from spinal cord

Psychiatrist

Specializes in treating mental illnesses, chemical dependencies

Parasympathetic nerves

Maintain normal body function during ordinary circumstances (rest and digest)

Sympathetic nerves

Fight or flight response

Myelin sheath (white matter)

Protective covering in parts of brain and spinal cord made up of glial cells

Neurologist

Specializes in treating diseases + disorders of the nervous system

Mater

Mother

Dura mater

Tough outermost layer of meninges

Arachnoid membrane

Middle layer of the meninges

Pia mater

Layer of meninges closest to brain

Dendrites

Part of neuron that receives and conducts impulses

Cerebrum

Largest + uppermost part of brain - 4 lobes. Controls higher level thinking, voluntary muscles, interpreting sensations

Cerebellum (bellow the cerebrum)

Part of brain that controls smooth coordinated movements

Brainstem

Controls survival functions, like breathing

Thalamus

Relays sensory stimuli from spinal cord/ midbrain to cerebral cortex

Hypothalamus

Regulates body temperature

Cerebral hemispheres

Connected at lower midpoint by corpus callosum

Opt/i, Opt/o, Optic, Ophthalm/o

Eyes

Ir/i, Ir/o, Irid/o, Irit/o

Iris (controls amount of light entering the pupil)

Blephar/o

Eyelid

-cusis

Hearing

Kerat/o

Hard, Cornea

Phac/o, Phak/o

Lens

Retin/o

Retina (part of eye that receives never impulses)

Dacryocyst/o, Lacrim/o

Lacrimal apparatus (lacrimal canal is a duct that collects tears)