ATI Study set 7

Q: What is Vitamin A important for?

A: Vision, bone growth, and immune function.

Q: What are sources of Vitamin A?

A: Carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach.

Q: What is Vitamin D important for?

A: Calcium absorption and bone health.

Q: What are sources of Vitamin D?

A: Sunlight, fortified milk, fish oils.

Q: What is Vitamin E important for?

A: Antioxidant that protects cells from damage.

Q: What are sources of Vitamin E?

A: Vegetable oils, nuts, green leafy vegetables.

Q: What is Vitamin K important for?

A: Blood clotting and bone metabolism.

Q: What are sources of Vitamin K?

A: Green leafy vegetables like spinach and kale.

Q: What are complications of Vitamin K deficiency?

A: Increased bleeding and bruising.

Q: What is Estrogen used for?

A: Contraception, menopause symptoms, and prevention of osteoporosis.

Q: What are complications of Estrogen therapy?

A: Embolic events, hypertension, and increased cancer risk.

Q: Who should avoid Estrogen therapy?

A: Patients with history of blood clots or smoking.

Q: What is Progesterone used for?

A: Contraception, counteracting estrogen in hormone therapy.

Q: What are complications of Progesterone?

A: Breast tenderness, headache, and thromboembolism.

Q: What are combined oral contraceptives?

A: Estrogen and progestin combinations that prevent ovulation.

Q: What should be done if an oral contraceptive pill is missed?

A: Take the missed pill as soon as remembered or take two the next day.

Q: What reduces effectiveness of oral contraceptives?

A: Antibiotics and certain anticonvulsants.

Q: What is Oxytocin used for?

A: Induce or strengthen uterine contractions during labor.

Q: What should be monitored during Oxytocin infusion?

A: Contraction pattern and fetal heart rate.

Q: What are complications of Oxytocin?

A: Uterine rupture, water intoxication, and fetal distress.

Q: What is Magnesium sulfate used for in pregnancy?

A: Prevent seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia.

Q: What is the antidote for Magnesium toxicity?

A: Calcium gluconate.

Q: What are signs of Magnesium toxicity?

A: Decreased deep tendon reflexes, respiratory depression.

Q: What are Tocolytic medications used for?

A: Stop preterm labor.

Q: What are examples of Tocolytics?

A: Terbutaline and Nifedipine.

Q: What are side effects of Terbutaline?

A: Tachycardia and tremor.

Q: What is Betamethasone used for in pregnancy?

A: Promote fetal lung maturity in preterm labor.

Q: What is Rho(D) immune globulin used for?

A: Prevent Rh incompatibility in Rh-negative mothers.

Q: When is Rho(D) immune globulin given?

A: At 28 weeks gestation and within 72 hours after delivery if infant is Rh-positive.

Q: What are Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) used for?

A: Prevent and treat postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer.

Q: What is an example of a SERM?

A: Raloxifene.

Q: What are complications of Raloxifene?

A: Increased risk of DVT and hot flashes.

Q: What are Bisphosphonates used for?

A: Prevent and treat osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption.

Q: What are examples of Bisphosphonates?

A: Alendronate and Risedronate.

Q: What instructions should be given with Bisphosphonates?

A: Take on an empty stomach with water, remain upright 30 minutes.

Q: What are complications of Bisphosphonates?

A: Esophagitis and jaw pain.

Q: What is Calcitonin used for?

A: Treat osteoporosis and hypercalcemia.

Q: What should be monitored with Calcitonin?

A: Hypocalcemia and nasal irritation (nasal spray form).

Q: What are disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used for?

A: Slow joint degeneration in rheumatoid arthritis.

Q: What is Methotrexate used for?

A: Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and cancers.

Q: What are complications of Methotrexate?

A: Bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity, infection risk.

Q: What should be avoided with Methotrexate therapy?

A: Alcohol and pregnancy.

Q: What is Hydroxychloroquine used for?

A: Rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.

Q: What are complications of Hydroxychloroquine?

A: Retinal damage and vision changes; eye exams needed.

Q: What are glucocorticoids used for in connective tissue disorders?

A: Symptom relief of inflammation and pain.

Q: What are complications of long-term glucocorticoid use?

A: Osteoporosis, weight gain, immunosuppression, and adrenal suppression.