Modes of Ventilation

AC/ACV

Patients with normal respiratory drive but weak respiratory muscles. For pts who need respiratory support not control.

Bi Level

Pts with low compliance (ARDS) with goal to increase mean airway pressures while limiting peak alveolar pressure and preventing alveolar collapse.

BiPap

A type of non-invasive ventilation that uses two levels of pressure for inhalation and exhalation, often used for patients with respiratory distress (OSA). Must be able to breath spontaneously and maintain a patent airway.

CPAP

To wean without removing the ventilator and having to connect to additional equipment. Also used for SCI pts and OSA.

CMV (Control Mode ventilation)

Ventilator does all the work of breathing. may lead to respiratory muscle atrophy.

HFOV (High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation)

When conventional ventilation does not provide adequate gas exchange.

IRV (Inverse Ratio Ventilation)

Pts with severly decreased compliance (ARDS) or unresponsive to PEEP that is >15cm H20

PEEP (Positive End Expiratory Pressure)

Decreases the work of breathing. Reduces the risk of oxygen toxicity. Improve PaO2 and SaO2 while allowing FiO2 to be decreased. Keeps airways and alveoli from closing at end-expiration, especially in pts with surfact deficiency.

PCV

Volume is delivered at preset peak pressure limit and then held for a chosen inspiratory time. Tidal volumes vary with changes in lung compliance and airway resistance.

PSV

For pts with spontaneous breathing. When pt initiates a breath, ventilator delivers a pre-set positive pressure for the duration of inspiration. The pt’s own efforts determines inspiratory flow. Helps to overcome the resistance of breathing through an ET tube or trach tube.

SIMV (Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilatory)

Pts who temporarily need positive pressure ventilator support but are expected to resume spontaneous unassisted ventilation soon (to wean off). Commonly used during weaning.