bio topic 8 : ch 10 flashcards

Which of the following are an organism’s observable traits known as?

Phenotype

Biologists commonly represent genotypes using letters. Consider a gene that codes for eye-color. Two alleles for this gene exist in a population, B, which encodes brown eyes, and b, which encodes blue eyes. Based on what you have learned about genetic notation, which allele is likely to be dominant to the other allele?

The brown eye allele is likely dominant to the blue eye allele.

Which of the following genotypes is possible for an individual with brown eyes? Select all that apply.

bb

BB

B

Bb

BB

Bb

In the example provided in the narrative, assume that the F allele (orange fur) is dominant to the f allele (black fur). In this case, predict the phenotype of a cat with the genotype Ff.

Orange fur

an individual that is ________ for a trait has two identical copies of the allele for that trait.

homozygous

A(n) _____ is one of two or more versions of a(n) _____.

allele

gene

What do the letters on the outside of a Punnett square represent?

The genotype of the parents

Use a Punnett square to answer the following questions. Assume that the B allele is completely dominant to the b allele, and phenotypes are determined as described in the narrative. If a homozygous dominant plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, what ratio of the potential offspring will have blue flowers to potential offspring with white flowers?

1:0 blue to white

In this cross, what would be the genotype of any potential offspring?

Bb

In the above cross, the homozygous dominant parent is _____, while the homozygous recessive parent is ____.

blue

white

For a cross between two homozygous recessive parent plants, which of the following genotypes would you expect to observe? Select all that apply.

bb

In a pedigree, affected individuals are usually represented in which of the following ways?

As filled-in shapes

What do horizontal rows represent in a pedigree?

Generations

If a trait skips a generation, this is a sign that the trait may be ______.

recessive