Pediatrics (Week 9)

Epistaxis (nosebleed)

• pinch and head down

• Maybe ice pack (it constricts blood vessels)

Iron Deficiency Anemia

• most common and simple

• Not enough iron intake, make sure they have a source from it from FOOD as they get older (rice cereal)

• Infants, toddlers, teens (have poor diet)

• Can’t think, grow, decline in school performance (refer them)

• S/s = fatigue, pallor, brittle fingernails, tachycardia

• Treated with iron supplements, can tell by black and tarry stool

Labs

• CBC

• MCV = size of RBCs (if low then small)

• MCH = color of RBCs (if low then pale)

Sickle Cell Anemia

• recessive gene from parents, long term

• Spleen will be damaged

Hemolytic amenia

• HgbA = rbc has 120 days to live

• HdbS = rbc has 20 days to live

• Causes stunts to growth and cognitive delays

Complications

• stroke = abnormal behavior, weakness, seizures

• Acute chest syndrome = wheezing and coughing

• Dactylitis = swelling of hands and feet, treat with gene therapy

Treatment

• higher doses of opioids according to weight

• Pain management

Blood Coagulation

• what part missing determines what hemophilia you are

• No high impact activities

• No toothbrush or rectal temp

Hemophilia A + B

• treated with factor you are missing

• Only males

Von Willebrand

• treated with factor you are missing

• Males and females

Leukemia

• not creating appropriate cells

• Long road to remission and recovery

• S/S = fever, pallor, bruising, petechiae, fatigue

• Treat with chemo and bone marrow transplant