apes multiple choice

which of the following is true regarding desalinzation?

reverse osmosis and distillation are commonly used for desalinzation

detritus feeders and decomposers are most likely found in the _.

A and O horizon

estuaries exhibit

variable temperature and salinity

farmers can sharply reduce fertilizer runoff by

I. using prescribed amounts of fertilizer

II. fertilizing only sloped areas, but not flat areas

III. planting legumes and other nitrogen fixing plants

I and III only

which of the following best describes an unconfined (unrestricted) aquifer? it is an area where

water is free to flow in all directions

when looking at a watershed map, the first order streams always start with a(n)

headwater

which of the following are the two most important factors in determining a habitat’s climate?

temperature and precipitation

which of the following would not be evidence for the movement of tectonic plates? the location of

polar ice shelves

the dust bowl experience of the united states in the 1930s was caused primarily by

lack of any soil conservation practices, continuous cropping, coupled with natural drought

a body of water which has no outlet other than evaporation is bound to be

salty

when freshwater inflows into estuaries are reduced

all of the above

during surface mining, is the material removed in order to access the ore, while the _ are the waste products often left at the mining site

overburden; tailings

which of the following is TRUE; of divergent plate boundaries?

they are where mid-ocean ridges occur

the ogallala aquifer located in the midwestern U.S is

used to supply one-fifth of america’s water to irrigate crops

how has converting forests to mostly paved urban areas changed the streams and rivers in the affected watersheds?

infiltration shifts to runoff

which of the following organisms is not likely to be found as a member of the detritus food web?

deer

the most common element found in the earth’s crust is

oxygen

an area where salt and freshwater mix that has a very high level of productivity is correctly called

an estuary

gray water

includes water from sinks, showers, bathtubs, and laundries

some farmers near an ocean must irrigate their soybean crops to have any success. desperate and without any fresh water, one of them decides to irrigate his field with seawater. the other farmer captures rain in special to lightly irrigate his crops. what would we expect are the results of these different forms of irrigation?

the seawater irrigation kills the plants while the light irrigation produces some beans

the largest reserves of fresh water on earth are found in

polar ice caps and glaciers

which of the following is more related to water quality than water quantity

sewage treatment facilities

oxygen levels dissolved in water may vary widely due to:

I. temperature

II. number of decomposers

III. numver of cosumers

I, II, and III

farmers often appreciate a long light rain over many hours after a long drought, instead of a sudden downpour. this is because a long, light rain permits better

infiltration

approximately what percentage of earths water is liquid freshwater?

less than 1%

the hydrosphere inclues all of the following EXCEPT

parent rock

which of the following are processes that generally reverse each other?

evaporation and precipitation

xeriscaping reduces the need for home irrigation by using

desert and drought tolerant species

which one of the following soil horizons is least likely to be interacting directly with living organisms?

C horizon

at a transform fault, plates slide past each other during an earthquake. between earthquakes

the plates get stuck and build up enormus amounts of pressure

the amount of the earths surface that is covered by water is approximately

75%

the three gorges dam

A and B only

if a plowed farm field was restored to nature prairie, we would expect that

erosion of the soil would decrease

the type of rock formed beneath the earths surface when molten rock materials well up, cool, and harden

igneous

which of the following is not an example of gray water?

water from a toilet

water that falls to earths surface may enter the groundwater by which process?

infiltration

the natural formation of soil is influenced by all of the following EXCEPT

farming

in a temperature deciduous forest, which soil horizon contains the leaf litter, twigs, seeds, and humus of 

O horizon

the process of weathering directly produces what type of rock?

sedimentary

inland wetlands are ecologically and/or economically valuable for

I. recharging groundwater supplies

II. biochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur

III. growing several food crops for people

I, II, and III

passing along some old gardening advice, a neighbor says, “if you want a great garden,…”

keep the fungi and earthworms happy

this irrigation method adds water to the area between rows of crops . some drawbacks are evaporation, and the advantage is it is inexpensive

furrow

some forest plants can obtain nutrients from a symbiotic association with

mycorrhizal fungi

which of the following would result from soil compaction?

reduced infiltration of water

the best textures for an agricultural soil are

silty and loamy

the acid most likely found in coal mine drainage is

sulfuric

what is the largest use of water worldwide

irrigation

one at a time, you test how quickly each of the following substances will settle out of water to idk separately test each of the following by placing 100 grams of the substances and 500 militmeters blah blah blah

sand

soil with a very high clay content are not suitable for agriculture without modification because of

aeration, water infiltration, and workability

the symbiotic relationship between bacteria and legumes affects soil fertility by:

fixing atmospheric nitrogen