Untitled Flashcard Set

Sociology

looks at groups and culture.

Psychology

looks at cognition, emotions, and behavior in relationships to others.

Social Psychology

involves the scientific attempt to explain how thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of other people.

Looking Glass Self

A theory by Charles Cooley suggesting that a person's self grows out of society’s interpersonal interactions and perceptions of others.

Social Group

Two or more people who share a sense of unity.

Primary Group

A small, personal group that endures over time; focuses on 'who' they are.

Secondary Group

A larger, impersonal, goal-oriented group; focuses on 'what'.

Reference Group

A group that sets standards for guiding behavior and to which an individual compares themselves.

In-group

A group that a person identifies with.

Out-group

A group that a person does not identify with.

Dyad

A social group consisting of two people who interact; it is intense yet the least stable.

Triad

A social group consisting of three people that is less intense but more stable than a dyad.

Groupthink

The tendency for group members to remain silent and go along with the group against their better judgment.

Group Polarization

The tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.

Conformity

The willingness to go along with the group.

Asch Experiment

An experiment demonstrating how social pressure from the majority group can influence an individual to conform.

Milgram Experiment

A study by Stanley Milgram investigating obedience to authority, particularly in situations that involved harming others.

Zimbardo Study

An experiment demonstrating the influence of groups on behavior in a simulated prison environment.

Group Facilitation

How the positive influence of others increases motivation, leading individuals to try harder.

Social Loafing

The phenomenon where individuals exert less effort when working as part of a group.

First Impression

The spontaneous process of forming an opinion about someone.

Social Categorization

Grouping people based on shared connections.

Stereotypes

Overgeneralized beliefs about members of a specific group.

Prejudice

Preconceived opinions or judgments about others.

Discrimination

Unfair treatment of a person or a group based on prejudicial beliefs.

Altruism

Helping someone without expectations or concern for one's safety.

Reasons to Date

1. Seeking long-term relationships, 2. Fun, 3. Improved peer status, 4. Socialization, 5. Explore intimacy.

Factors in Mate Selection

1. Attractiveness, 2. Values, 3. Age, 4. Income, 5. Education, 6. Race, 7. Religion, 8. Family background, 9. Proximity.

Triangle Theory of Love

Describes love as consisting of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Cohabitation

Living together in a sexual relationship for at least four nights a week.

Divorce Rates

Overall divorce rate is 50% in first marriages; 75% in second marriages; and 85% in third marriages.

Premarital Classes

Programs that increase success rates of marriages by 33%.

Average Age of Marriage

Average age for women is 28 and for men is 30.

Child Average Cost

The average cost of raising a child is estimated at $233,000.

Peer Marriage

Marriage where couples regard each other as equal social partners.

Infidelity Rates

25% of men and 15% of women engage in affairs.