APUSH TEST QUIZLET

What event marked the end of the Cold War and the emergence of the U.S. as the sole superpower?

The end of the Cold War.

What prompted the U.S.-led response known as Operation Desert Storm?

Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait.

What characterized Operation Desert Storm?

A high-tech, media-saturated war featuring smart bombs, night-vision footage, and live cable coverage.

How was the military victory in Operation Desert Storm portrayed to the public?

As a swift and 'clean' military victory.

What was the public reaction to the military success of Operation Desert Storm?

A strong surge of patriotism, often seen as redemption for the Vietnam War.

What economic issues emerged in the U.S. during the early 1990s despite military success?

Factory closures, wage stagnation, rising unemployment, and declining living standards.

What incident involving Rodney King sparked national outrage in 1991?

Four white LAPD officers were filmed brutally beating Rodney King.

What was the outcome of the trial of the LAPD officers involved in the Rodney King incident?

The officers were acquitted, leading to six days of riots in Los Angeles.

What were the consequences of the 1992 LA riots?

Over 60 people died, thousands were injured, and the National Guard was deployed.

What was Bill Clinton's political identity during the 1992 election?

A charismatic 'New Democrat' who was economically moderate and socially progressive.

What was Bill Clinton's campaign slogan in the 1992 election?

'It's the economy, stupid!'

What significant event occurred on February 26, 1993, at the World Trade Center?

A van bomb exploded in the parking garage, killing 6 and injuring over 1,000.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Mogadishu on October 3, 1993?

Two Black Hawks were downed, resulting in 18 American deaths and approximately 300 Somali deaths.

What was the public's reaction to the Battle of Mogadishu?

Public outrage and trauma, leading to a scaling back of U.S. intervention policies.

What theme reflects the contrast between military triumph and domestic unrest in the early 1990s?

Fractured National Identity.

How did televised coverage impact public perception during the early 1990s?

It changed perceptions of war, justice, and riots by broadcasting them live.

What cultural shift did Bill Clinton's election symbolize?

An emergence of new politics and a generational shift.

What did the early 1990s cultural moment reject?

The shiny, corporate aesthetic of the 1980s.

Which bands symbolized the cultural disillusionment of the early 1990s?

Nirvana, Pearl Jam, and Soundgarden.

What role did MTV play in the early 1990s?

It turned underground angst into mainstream culture.

Who were the key figures in the rise of hip-hop during the early to mid-1990s?

Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G.

What themes were prevalent in early 1990s hip-hop music?

Police brutality, poverty, survival, and community.

What was the effect of popular television shows from 1992 to 1995?

They split between safe narratives and darker explorations of fear and alienation.

Which popular television show depicted urban, middle-class idealism?

Friends.

What was the cultural significance of the show 'The X-Files'?

It reflected institutional mistrust and conspiracy culture.

What significant film marked the arrival of postmodern cinema in 1994?

Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction.

What stylistic breakthroughs are associated with postmodern cinema?

Nonlinear plots, ironic violence, and pop culture self-awareness.

What cultural impact did Pulp Fiction have?

It redefined cool, won Cannes' Palme d'Or, and blurred the lines between indie and mainstream.

What themes are explored in The Lion King, released in June 1994?

Death, identity, and responsibility.

Who created the iconic soundtrack for The Lion King?

Elton John and Hans Zimmer.

What major event occurred in Michael Jordan's career between 1991 and 1995?

He won three straight NBA titles.

What shocking event led to Michael Jordan's retirement in 1993?

The death of his father.

What was the significance of the fax sent by Michael Jordan in March 1995?

It announced his return to basketball.

What scandal involved Tonya Harding and Nancy Kerrigan in January 1994?

Kerrigan was attacked in a plot involving Harding's ex-husband.

What cultural phenomenon did the Tonya Harding-Nancy Kerrigan scandal symbolize?

The collision of femininity, sports, and American voyeurism.

What was the significance of the 1994 MLB strike?

It was the first cancellation of the World Series in 90 years.

What caused the 1994 MLB strike?

A labor dispute between players and owners.

What major event began in June 1994 involving O.J. Simpson?

The murder trial following the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman.

What iconic moment occurred during the O.J. Simpson case?

The live televised White Bronco chase.

What were the main themes of the O.J. Simpson trial?

Race, celebrity, police bias, and public spectacle.

What was the verdict of the O.J. Simpson trial in 1995?

Not Guilty, leading to a divided national response.

What did the O.J. Simpson trial reveal about American society?

It exposed unresolved racial tensions and the public's appetite for spectacle.

What was the cultural context of the mid-1990s regarding technology and violence?

The promise of innovation collided with the horror of internal extremism.

What significant operating system was launched in August 1995?

Windows 95.

What impact did the launch of Windows 95 have on society?

It connected everyday people to the digital world.

What was the significance of the rise of the Internet in American homes during 1994-1995?

It marked a cultural shift from paper to pixels.

What were two early tech giants founded during 1994-1995?

Amazon and eBay.

What tragic event occurred on April 19, 1995, in Oklahoma City?

The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building.

Who was the perpetrator of the Oklahoma City bombing and what motivated him?

Timothy McVeigh, motivated by revenge for government actions at Waco and Ruby Ridge.

What was the national reaction to the Oklahoma City bombing?

Outrage, horror, and grief, with first responders seen as heroes.

What did the Oklahoma City bombing reveal about domestic extremism in the U.S.?

It highlighted that terror could come from within the country, not just from abroad.

What happened to TWA Flight 800 on July 17, 1996?

It exploded 12 minutes after takeoff from JFK, crashing into the Atlantic near Long Island, resulting in the deaths of all 230 people on board.

What was the outcome of the NTSB investigation into TWA Flight 800?

The investigation revealed that the explosion was caused by a short-circuit ignition of fuel vapors in the center fuel tank.

What major reforms were prompted by the TWA Flight 800 crash?

The crash led to significant aviation safety reforms, particularly in fuel system design.

Who was re-elected in the 1996 Presidential Election?

Bill Clinton was re-elected, defeating Bob Dole and Ross Perot.

What was the campaign slogan of Bill Clinton during the 1996 election?

"Building a bridge to the 21st century," focusing on economic growth and limited government.

How many electoral votes did Bill Clinton win in the 1996 election?

He won 379 electoral votes.

What significant legislation did Bill Clinton sign regarding welfare?

The Welfare Reform Act, which ended the federal entitlement to welfare and instituted work requirements and time limits on benefits.

What was the public perception of the Welfare Reform Act?

Supporters viewed it as promoting responsibility, while critics argued it left vulnerable populations at risk.

What was the significance of the Oklahoma City Bombing Trial in 1997?

It symbolized the justice system's response to domestic terrorism, with Timothy McVeigh convicted and sentenced to death.

What event led to massive public mourning in the U.S. in 1997?

The death of Princess Diana in a car crash in Paris.

What was the impact of Princess Diana's death on media ethics?

It sparked a debate about media ethics and celebrity privacy, influencing U.S. media behavior.

What scandal involved President Bill Clinton in 1998?

The Clinton-Lewinsky scandal, where he admitted to a relationship with Monica Lewinsky.

What were the consequences of the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal?

Clinton was impeached by the House for perjury and obstruction, but acquitted by the Senate.

What technological product did Apple introduce in 1998?

The iMac, known for its translucent, colorful design and user-friendly features.

What major terrorist attacks occurred on August 7, 1998?

Al-Qaeda bombed U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, resulting in 224 deaths and over 4000 injuries.

What was Operation Infinite Reach?

A series of missile strikes on Al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a factory in Sudan, marking the first direct U.S. military response to bin Laden.

What economic milestone was achieved in 1998?

The first budget surplus since 1969, attributed to the tech boom and bipartisan fiscal policy.

What was the 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' policy?

A military policy allowing closeted LGBTQ+ individuals to serve, which sparked ongoing debates about discrimination.

What tragic event occurred at Columbine High School in 1999?

Two students killed 13 people, prompting national debates on gun control, mental health, and school safety.

What was the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999 aimed at?

Stopping the ethnic cleansing of Albanians in Kosovo by Serbian forces.

What was the Y2K scare?

A fear that computers would malfunction at the turn of the millennium due to 2-digit year coding, leading to billions spent on fixes.

What controversy surrounded the 2000 presidential election?

The Bush v. Gore election controversy involved weeks of recounts in Florida, with the Supreme Court halting the recount.

What was the USS Cole bombing?

A suicide attack by Al-Qaeda in Yemen that killed 17 U.S. sailors, exposing military vulnerabilities abroad.

What economic event occurred after the NASDAQ peaked in 2000?

The dot-com crash, which resulted in the collapse of many tech companies and billions lost.

What event occurred on September 11, 2001, involving al-Qaeda?

Al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked 4 planes, striking the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, with one crashing in Shanksville, PA.

What was the immediate impact of the 9/11 attacks on U.S. policy?

The attacks reshaped U.S. foreign and domestic policy, leading to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and the PATRIOT Act.

What were the public sentiments following the 9/11 attacks?

Unity, grief, fear, and a rise in Islamophobia.

What operation was launched in response to the 9/11 attacks?

Operation Enduring Freedom, aimed at dismantling al-Qaeda and removing the Taliban from power.

What was the outcome of the U.S. military intervention in Afghanistan?

The Taliban regime was quickly overthrown, but the U.S. entered a prolonged conflict known as the 'Forever Wars'.

What debates were sparked by the War in Afghanistan?

Debates about nation-building, counterterrorism, and American imperialism.

What was established at Guantánamo Bay in 2002?

A detention center to hold suspected terrorists.

What controversial interrogation methods were used at Guantánamo Bay?

Harsh interrogation methods like waterboarding, which sparked global condemnation.

What term emerged to describe detainees at Guantánamo Bay?

The phrase 'enemy combatant' emerged, sidestepping Geneva Conventions.

What were the consequences of the anthrax attacks following 9/11?

5 people died and 17 were infected, leading to overhauled mail sorting procedures and public health preparedness.

What was the justification for the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003?

The U.S. claimed Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) and had ties to terrorism.

What was the outcome of the Iraq War regarding WMDs?

No weapons of mass destruction were found after the initial invasion.

What was a significant public reaction to the Iraq War?

War approval faded, and public trust in U.S. intelligence was diminished.

What was the media's role during the Iraq War?

The 'Shock and Awe' campaign was televised, and embedded journalists shaped public perceptions.

What cultural phenomenon arose in response to the Iraq War?

A surge in patriotic branding, such as flags and 'Support Our Troops' magnets.

What was the impact of Hurricane Katrina in August 2005?

The storm devastated New Orleans, resulting in over 1,800 deaths, primarily among poor and Black communities.

What was the public response to FEMA's handling of Hurricane Katrina?

FEMA's slow and chaotic response drew national outrage and highlighted systemic issues.

What was a key issue in the 2004 presidential election?

National security, with George W. Bush winning re-election against John Kerry.

What cultural shifts occurred in technology and media during this period?

The rise of iPods, MySpace, texting culture, and reality TV shows like 'American Idol'.

What sparked moral panic in 2004 related to media decency?

Janet Jackson's Super Bowl halftime show.

What major event occurred on March 21, 2006?

Twitter launched, marking the beginning of microblogging.

What significant event happened on October 9, 2006?

North Korea conducted its first nuclear test, raising global concerns over proliferation.

What was the significance of Saddam Hussein's execution on December 30, 2006?

It symbolized the moral and political tensions of the Iraq War.

What event occurred on April 16, 2007, marking the deadliest school shooting in U.S. history?

The Virginia Tech shooting, resulting in 32 deaths.

What significant technological product was released on June 29, 2007?

The iPhone, marking the dawn of the smartphone era.