Earth and Space Science Exam #3 Study Guide

What type of rock is made from particles or pieces of broken rock?

sedimentary

___ are naturally occuring, non-living solids with a unique chemical structure and composition.

Minerals

Which are three properties of minerals?

Streak, Luster, Cleavage

Rapid cooling forms _ rocks that are _.

extrusive, fine-grained

Erosion is the breakdown of a rock or mineral into sediments. (True/False)

True

What are the three types of weathering?

Chemical, mechaical, and biological

What are the three types of sedimentary rock?

clastic, chemical, organic

As we increase current strength and distance of transport, the size of particles _ and the particles become more _ and rounded .

decreases, well-sorted

_ sedimentary rocks originate as precipitates from solution due to natural saturation levels or by biological processes.

chemical

What type of rock are limestones?

Sedimentary

Florida has no naturally occurring igneous or metamorphic rock. (True/False)

True

Which factor of metamorphism is the most important?

Heat

Metamorphism means _.

change in form

Foliation is a fundamental and prominent textural feature of ___ metamorphic rock.

regional

The majority of the crust is made up of _.

silicates

The effect of erosion depends on all of these except:

heat

A(n) _ is a cone-shaped deposit of sediment.

alluvial fan

Which are the three types of loads?

dissolved, suspended, bed

what are three characteristics of meandering streams?

low angle, low velocity, marked by areas of deposition and erosion

What must be the case for porous rocks to be permeable?

Pores must be connected

The zone of aeration is the _.

Area without water.

An artesian well must have a(n) ____.

inclined aquifer

An aquitard promotes the movement of water. (True/False)

False

Sinkholes are common in parts of central Florida. (True/False)

True

Throughout most of its history, Florida has been under water.

True

A textural feature of regional metamorphic rock where crystals reform according to their natural shapes, not the alignment in which they were deposited, is called _.

foliation

Protolith

Parent rock

Regional

over a large area

Contact

over a small area

Sedimentary rocks usually appear as ___.

homogenous layers (strata)

Erosion

The removal of sediment such as sand, silt or gravel, by wind or water.

Weathering

The breaking down of rock material by things like heating, cooling, or chemicals.