Origins Of The Algerian War

1830

1830

When Algeria was forcibly invaded by France

Colons/Peid noirs

The French elite that controlled Algeria

1881

French took steps to make Algeria part of France

• Created 3 departments centered in the 3 main cities of Algiers, Oran, and Constantene

Muslims

____ were highly taxed, had no political rights, and subject to strict regulations

Algerians

173,000 ___ fought in the French army during WW1

Unemployment, low wages, poor working conditions

Post ww1, Algerians faced

Etoile Nord- Africaine (North African star)

• led by messali Hadj

• Aimed to protect the rights of migrant workers in France, freedom of the press, establishment of Arabic schools, and a parliament elected by universal suffrage

The Party of the Algerian People (PPA)

• party created by Messali Hadj

• Tried to mobilize urban workers and pesant farmers

• Was eventually banned by the French

Ferhat Abbas

• wanted equality for Muslim Algerians as French citizens

• Wanted agricultural reforms

• Wanted to maintain ties w France but have universal rights

Association des Ulma

• led by Abdul-Hamia Ben

• Believed that Algerian nationalism was only possible with a return to the principles of Islam

1936 Violette PLan

• proposed by more sympathetic popular front

• Proposed the extension of French citizentship with full political rights to certain categories of Algerian Muslims

• Abbas and other moderates accepted it as a step in the right direction

• Hadj rejected it as a ploy to split Muslims

• Never actually implemented

Manifeste de Peuple Algerien (manifesto of the Algerian people)

• Abbas and other leaders called for a constitution that would provide equality, land reforms, Arabic as a national language, Muslims in gov, liberation of political prisoners

Violence in Setif

On may 8th, 1945 (VE day)

• police clashed w marchers carrying Algerian flag

• Deaths of thousands

• Villages bombed by air force and navy, civilians rounded up and shot

Union Democratique pour le manifeste algerien (UDMA)

• founded by Abbas

• Called for a free, secular, republican Algeria

Organization Special 1947

• military wing of movement

• Leader was Ahmed Ben Bella

Atlantic Charter

A statement issued on the 14th of August 1944 that set out American and British goals for the world after the end of ww1. Set out ideas of democracy, independence, and freedoms that Algerians saw as hypocrisy as other European colonial powers continued colonialism

Dien Bien Phu

A war fought in French Indo-china. It was fought in a remote north-western Vietnam and was the culminating battle of the first indochina war between France and the Viet Minh

Abdul-Hamid Ben Badis

Helped create the Association des Ulma. Believed that Algerian nationalism could only succeed with a return to the principles of Islam.

Messali hadj

Formed the Etoile Nord-Africaine organization. Then, when he returned to Algeria in 1937, he formed the party the Algerian People (PPA). The movements goal was to mobilize urban workers and peasant farmers. It was then banned by French authorities. 

Ferhat Abbas

Wanted equality for muslim Algerians as French citizens. Was consistent with policies of ‘assimilation’. Called for agricultural reforms as well as the abolition of special privileges for settlers. He advocated for the maintenance of ties with france while gaining more political freedoms.