Energy and Cell Respiration Whole Unit

Chemical Reaction

A process that changes one set of chemicals into another.

Reactants

The chemicals that enter the chemical reaction and rearrange.

Products

The chemicals that are made after the chemical reaction.

Carbohydrate Structure

Sugar is the monomer.

Lipid Structure

Made up of Glycerol and fatty acids

Carbohydrate Food

Bread, pasta, rice, and sugary substances

Complex Carbohydrate Function

Short Term Energy

Lipid Function

Used to store long term energy and make up cell membranes

Lipid Foods

Butter, oil, meat, nuts

Sugar

Chain of these make up carbohydrates

ATP

Chemical that cells use to store and release energy. Has 3 phosphates

Aerobic

A process that requires oxygen

Anaerobic

A process that does not require oxygen

Fermentation

How cells release energy when oxygen is not available

Alcoholic Fermentation

Anaerobic cellular respiration that produces alcohol and carbon dioxide from glucose

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Anaerobic process where ATP is produced when muscles run out of oxygen during vigorous activity

Cellular Respiration

A process that living things go through to release energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen

Mitochondria

The cell organelle where cellular respiration takes place

Glycolysis

1st step in cellular respiration and fermentation. Happens in the cytoplasm and can happen with or without oxygen

Krebs Cycle

2nd step in cellular respiration. Happens in the mitochondria and must have oxygen to work.

Electron Transport Chain

3rd step in cellular respiration. Happens in the mitochondria and must have oxygen to work.

Reactants of Cellular Respiration

Glucose and Oxygen

Products of Cellular Respiration

ATP, Carbon Dioxide, and Water

ADP

Poor energy storing molecule with only 2 phosphates

Exergonic

Energy Exits

Endergonic

Energy is trapped