Chapter 6: Energy and Metabolism

MATES Biotechnology, Sprague 2024

activation energy

extra energy needed to destabilize existing chemical bonds and initiate a chemical reaction

different types of enzyme inhibitors

1. competitive: competes witht he substrate for the same active site

2. non-competitve: binds in a location other than the active site (not always allosteric)

3. allosteric: bind to the enzyme in its allosteric site which affects the shape of enzyme (always non-comp.)

what happens in oxidation/reduction reactions?

• oxidation: electrons lost

• reduction: electrons gained

Oil Rig

exergonic reactions

• any reaction that releases energy, spontaneous; catabolic (catastrophic)

• reactants have more free energy than the products (energy released)

endergonic reactions

• any reaction that requires an input of energy; anabolic

• reactants have less free energy than the products (energy put in)

what is the substrate in an enzyme reaction?

molecules that undergo the reaction/catalyzed by the enzyme

induced fit with enzymes?

enzymes will morph around the substrate to have a better “hold” on them