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Alloys
________ are mixtures of metals, where the metals are mixed together but are not chemically combined.
pure substance
A(n) ________ made up of two or more elements chemically combined.
Hydrogen
________ has 1 proton, helium has 2 protons, lithium has 3, etc.
Metallic bonding
________ is not disrupted as the outer electrons do not belong to any particular metal atom so the delocalised electrons will move with them.
Mixtures
________ can be separated by physical methods such as filtration or evaporation.
Electrons
________ orbit the nucleus in shells (or energy levels) and each shell has a different amount of energy associated with it.
Noble gases
________= All of the ________ are unreactive as they have full outer shells and are thus very stable.
powder
Eg: sand and water, oil and water, sulphur ________ and iron filings 😁.
Metals
________ have high melting and boiling points.
physical properties
The difference in mass affects the ________, such as density, boiling point and melting point.
Elements
________ are made of tiny particles of matter called atoms.
different shapes
They can be hammered and bent into ________ or drawn into wires without breaking.
Radioactive
________ have a lot of use in the medical field.
Atoms
________ are the smallest particles of matter, that we can not break down further by chemical means.
chlorine atom
Group: The final notation, which is 7 in the example, shows that a(n) ________ has 7 outer electrons.
Group VII
Chlorine is a(n) ________ non- metal so will need to gain an electron to have a full outer shell of electrons.
Radioactive isotopes
________ (radioisotopes) are unstable due to the imbalance of neutrons and protons, which causes the nucleus to decay over time through nuclear fission and emit radiation.
positive sodium ion
A(n) ________ with the charge 1+ is formed.
Ionic compounds
________ are formed when metal atoms react with non- metal atoms.
Non radioactive isotopes
________ are stable atoms which really only.
atomic number
The ________ and mass number for every element is on the Periodic Table.
Lattice structures
________: In ________, the atoms are arranged in an orderedand repeating fashion.
strong electrostatic forces of attraction
The oppositely charged ions are held together by ________.
Ionic bonds
________ happen between metals and non metals.
Isotopes
________ are atoms of the same element that contain the same number of protonsand electrons but a different number of neutrons.
Sodium
________ is a Group I metal so will lose one outer electron to another atom to gain a full outer shell of electrons.
Metallic bonds
________ are thus not broken and as a result metals are strong but flexible.
Alloys
________ contain atoms of different sizes, which distorts the regular arrangements of atoms.
how to find neutrons number
The nucleon number minus the proton number gives you the number of neutrons of an atom
example
Copper sulfate and calcium carbonate 👍🏼
Eg
sand and water, oil and water, sulphur powder and iron filings 😁
We can represent the structure of the atom in two ways
using diagrams called electron shell diagrams or by writing out a special notation called the electronicstructure
Period
The red numbers at the bottom show the number of notations which is 3, showing that a chlorine atom has 3 shells of electrons
Group
The final notation, which is 7 in the example, shows that a chlorine atom has 7 outer electrons
The table is arranged in vertical columns called Groupsnumbered I
VIII and in rows called Periods
Metals
all metals can lose electrons to other atoms to become positively charged ions
Non-metals
all non-metals can gain electrons from other atoms to become negatively charged ions
Formula of ionic compound
NaCl
Lattice structures
In lattice structures, the atoms are arranged in an orderedand repeating fashion
Note 
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