Greek Art and Archaeology Quiz 2!!

• palace style (vessels of this style exported to Crete Mycenae from tomb)

• LH 2

• lustrous paint, Minoan influence

• Ephyraean goblet

• LH 2

• lustrous paint

• LH 3A

• goblet is out and kylix is in!

• whorl shell motif appears and the people love it

• LH 3B

• deep bowl appears!

• Treasury of Minyas

• LH 3B

• 2nd pic is ceiling of antechamber — egyptian decorative motifs (quite reminiscent of tombs at Beni Hasan)

• depiction of sea peoples attacking egypt

• medinet habu inscription (essentially just talking abt how the sea people were creating chaos and descruption across egypt

• funerary temple of Ramses 3rd

• we don’t really know who the sea peoples are

• so this points to bronze age collapse, which was caused by: external factors like sea peoples, environmental factors like drought, internal factors like civil unrest

• LH 3C (so its post palatial)

• pictorial style

• this is the warrior vase krater from Myceneae

• also LH 3

• Pictorial style again

• Mycenaean krater

• protogeometric pottery

• 11th-10th cent. BCE

• in Athena first…Keirameikos cemetery which was a little outside the city

• Cup of Nestor!

• 8th cent. BCE

• from Pithekoussai (Ischia)

• inscription stuff: “I am the cup of Nestor good for drinking…” so cunty!

• If you drink from this cup you’ll feel flirty!

• this cup has agency and you can interact with it!

• dipylon pottery (this is a trendsetter lowk first of its kind like others like it called dipylon pottery bc of this one

• also keirameikos cemetery in Athens

• 730 BCE

• 5ft tall, burial vessel that shows funeral scenes

• the specific scene on this= the prothesis scene

• this = ceremonial display of the body, mourners are showed bc of hands on head

• the black and white scene on this=the ekphora scene

• this= ceremonial procession to cemetery  with mourners

• horror vacui= fear of empty space! aah! eek!

• bronze tripod cauldron

• 8th cent. BCE 

• attached legs and ring handles= mainland greece

• from olympia: this is where the first olympic games were in 776 BCE… perchance at least

• place of zeus

Pelopeion at Olympia!

• local myth king Pelops like races Oenomaeus for Hippodamia and beats him by replacing other guys’ axles with beeswax

• pelopeion itself is empty tomb where pelops was said to have been buried

• bronze cauldron with griffn heads

• 8th cent. BCE

• Cyprus

• display of great wealth but by mid 7th cent just moderate wealth

• bronze votives

• 8th cent. BCE

• charioteers and horses

• from olympia

• bronze hammered statue (over wood)

• apollo is probs the large figure while the smaller ones are artmeis and leto

• these were cult statues so they were in temple

• they’re from Crete

• 7th cent. BCE

• ivory figurine

• 8th cent. BCE

• ivory was sourced from trade connections in near east

• the female nudity in this is Near East influence

• her headress= polos and it has geometric influence

• her triangular proportions are also v geometric

• Daedalic style

• nimrud ivories

• 9th-7th cent. BCE

• syro-phoenicean ivory carving

• Lady of Auxerre

• 640 BCE

• Crete

• daedalic style (which originated in Crete)

• Protocorinthian pottery

• 7th cent BCE

• dinos (mixing wine with water)

• from corinth

• mykonos amphora: 650 BCE

• relief pithoi

• mythological scenes!

• cyclades and N. Aegean

• eleusis amphora: 650 BCE

• protoattic pottery

• also mythological scenes!

• there are freaky woman gorgons decorating it

• temple of hera at Samos

• hekatompedon 1(100 footer)

• 8th cent.

• mudbrick and with central columns

• apsidal and with benches

• the earliest roofs were thatched

• hekatompedon 2

• we’re getting fancier with limestone and two rows of interior columns

• 650 BCE

• may be peripteral? (porches and columns surrounding)

• entablature at the temple of apollo in thermon

• there are wooden elements and terracotta/clay elements such as the metopes and antefixes

• tile roof

• 7th cent.

• temple of artemis at corfu!

• this is on a doric archaic temple

• its a pedimental sculpture in limestone: central figure=gorgon 

• and zeus is attaching a giant in the corner?

• there are also heraldic felines

• twin kouroi

• 580 BCE

• inscription says sculptor from argos

• berlin kore

• archaic smile

• 570 BCE

• attica

• Anavysos kouros

• 530 BCE

• attica

• we’re becoming more realistic and 3d with our sculptures!

• Phrasikleia!

• she’s such a baddie

• look at the movement in her skirt with her pulling it out

• we’ve still got archaic smile

• 540 BCE Attica

• “I shall be forever called kore, allotted this name from the gods in place of marriage” so she was a real girl who died before marriage

• “kore 682”

• 520 Attica

• she’s wearing chiton and himation

• still have archaic smile

• but a lot more drapery and we can see that she has legs and limbs and such under her clothes so more realistic

• kritios boy!

• “no longer a type, but a subject”

• so this is a kouros by Kritios

• 475 BCE

from the siphinian treasury

shows well known scenes

east frieze combat at troy

500s BCE

• black figure dinos with stand

• created by Sophilos!

• 590-570 BCE

• Francois vase!

• 560 BCE

• black-figure volute krater

• Kleitas= painter while Ergotimos=potter

• there are all these layers of scenes from top to bottom:

• 1. Calydonian boar hunt

• 2. funeral games for patroklos and lapiths vs. centaurs

• 3. wedding of peleus and thetis

• 4. achilles ambushes troilus and hephestaus returns to olympos

• 5. pygmies vs. cranes

• this is another example of the pot speaking for itself!

• from Amasis painter!

• mid 6th cent. BCE

• dionysos and maenads

• from exekias!

• he worked from 545-530 BCE

• liked specific scenes from myth and psych and inner thoughts

• this vase specifically shows achilles and ajax playing game

• Reveller’s vase

• this one is from Euthymides 

• he’s part of the pioneer group

• pioneer group=515-500 BCE

• they were #frenemies

• twisting forms, dynamic movement, 

• Berlin painter!

• 490s-460s BCE

• all work is unsigned!

• tropes of minimalism and solo figures but may have trained with or studied pioneer group

• another berlin painter one!

• you can tell that this is a Greek fighting a non-Greek because Greeks would never dare to wear pants or fur!

• and this shows Greek defeating non-Greek which is perfect for boosting Greek peoples’ egos!

• temple of aphaia, Aegina

• 470s BCE

• the west pediment=very stilted and posed

• whereas the east pediment is more realistic and dynamic like the movement looks more natural

• look specifically at the men on the ends on the ground!!!

• temple of zeus, olympia

• 470-450 BCE

• east pediment=pelops vs. oenomaos in chariot race

• east pediment has doughy drapery! chunky

• this doughy drapery called severe style

• west pediment=battle of lapiths and centaurs

• west pediment also has chunky drapery!

• Delphi charioteer!

• 478-474 BCE

• this is dedication by a victor

• super duper realistic feet

• but we still have some doughy drapery and puffiness 

• riace bronzes

• 460-450 BCE

• from a shipwreck in southern italy

• the color of the bronze itself on certain areas like lips and nipples would be different to make them pinker and more realistic

chryselephantine

• ivory and gold

• typically on cult statues

important sculptures to know!

• phrasikleia

• riace bronzes

• delphi charioteer

• pediments at temple of zeus in olympia and temple of aphaia in aegina

• anavysos kouri

• kritios boy

• twin kouri

important ceramics to know!

• vapheio cup

• francois vase

• cup of nestor

• reveller’s vase

• achilles and ajax playing a game

• dionysus and the maenads

• warrior vase krater from mycenae

important buildings to know

• such as temples, treasuries,

• treasury of Minyas (egyptian decorative motif!) (and has similar construction to treasury of atreus)

• temple of aphaia at aegina

• temple of zeus at olympia

• keirameikos cemetery outside athens

• pelopeion outside olympia

• lefkandi heroon

temple parts to know

• doric vs. ionic: see below!

• pediment: both have this (chunky triangular part with sculptures

doric:

• metope: spaces in between the triglyphs

• triglyphs: 3 part things

• frieze: ionic!

different styles to know!

• palace style: swirly flowers

• pictorial style: think clomp clomp cartoon

• protogeometric pottery: swirls and geometry

• dipylon pottery: 5ft funerary vase

• geometric pottery

• daedalic style: NE influence, sphyinx

• protocorinthian pottery

• protoattic pottery

• doric vs. ionic

conflicts to know!

• Persian Wars

• Ionian Revolt

• Battle of Marathon

• lowk Delian league can be included in this too

• delian league=

• founded in 478 BCE

• coalition of poleis

• the persians aren’t here but they could be…be must be prepared!

• the treasury was put in delos bc it was considered neutral territory like not in any polis’s home turf

potters and painters to know!

• Pheidias

• The Berlin Painter

• Pioneer Group

• Euthymides

• Euphronios

• Ergotimos

• Kleitias

• Amasis

• sophilos

Let’s look at the passage of time through ceramics:

• LH 1: matte paint, minoan influence

• LH 2: lustrous paint, goblets, minoan influence,

• LH 3: linear, pictorial, deep bowl appears, whorl shell motif, goblet is out but kylix is in

kerameikos cemetery:

• early athens cemetery

• we get first evidence of protogeometric pottery from here

• also dipylon pottery (the huge chunky funerary thing)

lefkandi heroon/cemetery

• super super large apsidal building and exceptional for the time

• potential forerunner to greek temples of future

• mid 10th cent. BCE

• cremations and horses

• lots of burial goods

• heroon=tomb of hero

• authority shown through connections to past

• #groupidentityvibes

• killing horses to be buried with those people shows how important those people were