Chapter 13 Test: The Endocrine System

The hormone BLANK, which is secreted by the pineal gland, influences the sleep-wakefulness cycle.

melatonin

Which of the following stimulates the sympathetic nervous system in response to physical injury or mental stress?

epinephrine

Because Joe Dean’s ultimate goal was to swim in the Olympics, he was tempted to make illegal use of BLANK steroids to increase his strength and muscle mass.

anabolic

Select word parts from the selection menus below to construct the correct medical term for the definition.

Clue: the overproduction of thyroid hormones

HYPER- THYROID -ISM

Which test is most commonly performed to diagnose type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes?

oral glucose tolerance test

What is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets in response to high blood sugar?

insulin

What is the medical term for surgical removal of the pancreas?

pancreatectomy

The diabetic emergency caused by very high or very low blood glucose is BLANK, which can be fatal if untreated.

diabetic coma

During his nursing studies, Rodney Milne learned that BLANK hormone helps control blood pressure by reducing the amount of water that is excreted through the kidneys.

antidiuretic

Which hormone is secreted by the testicles and stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics?

testosterone

Which hormone stimulates ovulation in the female?

luteinizing hormone

Mrs. Wei’s symptoms included chronic, worsening fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss because her adrenal glands were not producing enough cortisol. Her doctor diagnosed this condition as BLANK

Addison's disease

Hormones called BLANK are produced and released by neurons in the brain, rather than by the endocrine glands, and delivered to organs and tissues through the bloodstream.

Neurohormones

Select word parts from the selection menus below to construct the correct medical term for the definition.

Clue: the condition characterized by abnormally high concentrations of calcium circulating in the blood

HYPER- CALC -EMIA

BLANK disease, which is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, is often characterized by goiter, exophthalmos, or both.

Graves’

Which hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is known as T₄?

thyroxine

Which of the following is considered an electrolyte?

phosphorus

Holly Yates was surprised to learn that BLANK, which is a hormone secreted by fat cells, travels to the brain and suppresses the appetite.

leptin

A/An BLANK is a slow-growing, benign tumor of the pituitary gland.

pituitary adenoma

Select word parts from the selection menus below to construct the correct medical term for the definition.

Clue: excessive urination

POLY- -URIA

What is a gamete?

a reproductive cell

The endocrine system contains four of which of the following glands?

parathyroid

The suffix -DIPSIA in the term polydipsia means

thirst

Linda Thomas was diagnosed as having a/an BLANK. This is a benign tumor of the pancreas that causes hypoglycemia by secreting insulin.

insulinoma

What is the medical term for abnormal growth of the entire body caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone before puberty?

gigantism